From 0d25f15db76eb19da22c752d0d4e748a95018730 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Macieg <maciej.andrearczyk@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 5 Nov 2019 02:40:19 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] BAEL-3400 (#8113)

* BAEL-3400

* BALE-3400 | moved to algorithm-miscellaneous-5

* BAEL-3400 | added modifiers
---
 .../src/test/resources/graph.png              | Bin 9637 -> 10454 bytes
 .../BalancedBinaryTree.java                   |  33 +++++++++
 .../algorithms/balancedbinarytree/Tree.java   |  34 +++++++++
 .../BalancedBinaryTreeUnitTest.java           |  26 +++++++
 .../BinaryTreeDataProvider.java               |  69 ++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 162 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BalancedBinaryTree.java
 create mode 100644 algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/Tree.java
 create mode 100644 algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BalancedBinaryTreeUnitTest.java
 create mode 100644 algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BinaryTreeDataProvider.java

diff --git a/algorithms-miscellaneous-2/src/test/resources/graph.png b/algorithms-miscellaneous-2/src/test/resources/graph.png
index 7165a517824fec3ed31dea351d9b37dc4176b875..12af62c131e254c7c054c1710262f3c678dc5b7a 100644
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diff --git a/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BalancedBinaryTree.java b/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BalancedBinaryTree.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..84180473e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BalancedBinaryTree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.balancedbinarytree;
+
+public class BalancedBinaryTree {
+
+    public static boolean isBalanced(Tree tree) {
+        return isBalancedRecursive(tree, -1).isBalanced;
+    }
+
+    private static Result isBalancedRecursive(Tree tree, int depth) {
+        if (tree == null) {
+            return new Result(true, -1);
+        }
+
+        Result leftSubtreeResult = isBalancedRecursive(tree.left(), depth + 1);
+        Result rightSubtreeResult = isBalancedRecursive(tree.right(), depth + 1);
+
+        boolean isBalanced = Math.abs(leftSubtreeResult.height - rightSubtreeResult.height) <= 1;
+        boolean subtreesAreBalanced = leftSubtreeResult.isBalanced && rightSubtreeResult.isBalanced;
+        int height = Math.max(leftSubtreeResult.height, rightSubtreeResult.height) + 1;
+
+        return new Result(isBalanced && subtreesAreBalanced, height);
+    }
+
+    private static final class Result {
+        private final boolean isBalanced;
+        private final int height;
+
+        private Result(boolean isBalanced, int height) {
+            this.isBalanced = isBalanced;
+            this.height = height;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/Tree.java b/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/Tree.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e091408c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/Tree.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.balancedbinarytree;
+
+public class Tree {
+    private final int value;
+    private final Tree left;
+    private final Tree right;
+
+    public Tree(int value, Tree left, Tree right) {
+        this.value = value;
+        this.left = left;
+        this.right = right;
+    }
+
+    public int value() {
+        return value;
+    }
+
+    public Tree left() {
+        return left;
+    }
+
+    public Tree right() {
+        return right;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return String.format("[%s, %s, %s]",
+            value,
+            left == null ? "null" : left.toString(),
+            right == null ? "null" : right.toString()
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BalancedBinaryTreeUnitTest.java b/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BalancedBinaryTreeUnitTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25f313f991
--- /dev/null
+++ b/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BalancedBinaryTreeUnitTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.balancedbinarytree;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+
+public class BalancedBinaryTreeUnitTest extends BinaryTreeDataProvider {
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenBalancedTrees_whenCallingIsBalanced_ShouldReturnTrue() {
+        for (Tree tree : balancedTrees()) {
+            assertTrue(toString(tree) + " should be balanced", BalancedBinaryTree.isBalanced(tree));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenUnbalancedTrees_whenCallingIsBalanced_ShouldReturnFalse() {
+        for (Tree tree : unbalancedTrees()) {
+            assertFalse(toString(tree) + " should not be balanced", BalancedBinaryTree.isBalanced(tree));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private String toString(Tree tree) {
+        return tree != null ? tree.toString() : "null";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BinaryTreeDataProvider.java b/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BinaryTreeDataProvider.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f4318afbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/algorithms-miscellaneous-5/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/balancedbinarytree/BinaryTreeDataProvider.java
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.balancedbinarytree;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+
+class BinaryTreeDataProvider {
+
+    static Collection<Tree> balancedTrees() {
+        return Arrays.asList(
+            null,
+            leaf(1),
+            tree(1, leaf(2), leaf(3)),
+            tree(
+                1,
+                leaf(2),
+                tree(3, leaf(4), null)
+            ),
+            tree(
+                1,
+                tree(
+                    2,
+                    tree(3, leaf(4), null),
+                    leaf(5)
+                ),
+                tree(
+                    6,
+                    leaf(7),
+                    tree(8, null, leaf(9))
+                )
+            )
+        );
+    }
+
+    static Collection<Tree> unbalancedTrees() {
+        return Arrays.asList(
+            tree(
+                1,
+                tree(2, leaf(3), null),
+                null
+            ),
+            tree(
+                1,
+                tree(
+                    2,
+                    tree(3, leaf(4), leaf(5)),
+                    null
+                ),
+                tree(6, leaf(7), null)
+            ),
+            tree(
+                1,
+                tree(2, leaf(3), null),
+                tree(
+                    4,
+                    tree(5, leaf(6), leaf(7)),
+                    null
+                )
+            )
+        );
+    }
+
+    private static Tree leaf(int value) {
+        return new Tree(value, null, null);
+    }
+
+    private static Tree tree(int value, Tree left, Tree right) {
+        return new Tree(value, left, right);
+    }
+}