Merge branch 'eugenmaster'

This commit is contained in:
Marcos Lopez Gonzalez
2019-06-11 16:00:56 +02:00
575 changed files with 18748 additions and 3214 deletions

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@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
## Relevant articles:
- [Multi-Module Maven Application with Java Modules](https://www.baeldung.com/maven-multi-module-project-java-jpms)
- [Guide to Java FileChannel](https://www.baeldung.com/java-filechannel)
- [Understanding the NumberFormatException in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-number-format-exception)

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@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
package com.baeldung.set;
import java.util.Set;
public class CopySets {
// Using Java 10
public static <T> Set<T> copyBySetCopyOf(Set<T> original) {
Set<T> copy = Set.copyOf(original);
return copy;
}
}

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@@ -7,3 +7,5 @@
- [Exploring the New HTTP Client in Java 9 and 11](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-http-client)
- [An Introduction to Epsilon GC: A No-Op Experimental Garbage Collector](https://www.baeldung.com/jvm-epsilon-gc-garbage-collector)
- [Guide to jlink](https://www.baeldung.com/jlink)
- [Negate a Predicate Method Reference with Java 11](https://www.baeldung.com/java-negate-predicate-method-reference)
- [Transforming an Empty String into an Empty Optional](https://www.baeldung.com/java-empty-string-to-empty-optional)

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@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<project
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-11</artifactId>
@@ -12,7 +14,7 @@
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../</relativePath>
<relativePath>../..</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
@@ -21,6 +23,12 @@
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>${guava.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
@@ -41,6 +49,7 @@
<maven.compiler.source.version>11</maven.compiler.source.version>
<maven.compiler.target.version>11</maven.compiler.target.version>
<guava.version>27.1-jre</guava.version>
<assertj.version>3.11.1</assertj.version>
</properties>
</project>

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@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
package com.baeldung.predicate.not;
public class Person {
private static final int ADULT_AGE = 18;
private int age;
public Person(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public boolean isAdult() {
return age >= ADULT_AGE;
}
public boolean isNotAdult() {
return !isAdult();
}
}

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@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import junit.framework.TestSuite;
/**
* Unit test for simple App.
*/
public class AppTest
public class AppUnitTest
extends TestCase
{
/**
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ public class AppTest
*
* @param testName name of the test case
*/
public AppTest( String testName )
public AppUnitTest(String testName )
{
super( testName );
}
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public class AppTest
*/
public static Test suite()
{
return new TestSuite( AppTest.class );
return new TestSuite( AppUnitTest.class );
}
/**

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@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
public class HttpClientTest {
public class HttpClientUnitTest {
@Test
public void shouldReturnSampleDataContentWhenConnectViaSystemProxy() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {

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@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import java.time.Duration;
import org.junit.Test;
public class HttpRequestTest {
public class HttpRequestUnitTest {
@Test
public void shouldReturnStatusOKWhenSendGetRequest() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {

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@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
import org.junit.Test;
public class HttpResponseTest {
public class HttpResponseUnitTest {
@Test
public void shouldReturnStatusOKWhenSendGetRequest() throws IOException, InterruptedException, URISyntaxException {

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@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
package com.baeldung.predicate.not;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import static java.util.function.Predicate.not;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
class PersonUnitTest {
private List<Person> people;
@BeforeEach
void preparePeople() {
people = Arrays.asList(
new Person(1),
new Person(18),
new Person(2)
);
}
@Test
void givenPeople_whenFilterIsAdult_thenOneResult() {
List<Person> adults = people.stream()
.filter(Person::isAdult)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
assertThat(adults).size().isEqualTo(1);
}
@Test
void givenPeople_whenFilterIsAdultNegated_thenTwoResults() {
List<Person> nonAdults = people.stream()
.filter(person -> !person.isAdult())
.collect(Collectors.toList());
assertThat(nonAdults).size().isEqualTo(2);
}
@Test
void givenPeople_whenFilterIsNotAdult_thenTwoResults() {
List<Person> nonAdults = people.stream()
.filter(Person::isNotAdult)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
assertThat(nonAdults).size().isEqualTo(2);
}
@Test
void givenPeople_whenFilterNotIsAdult_thenTwoResults() {
List<Person> nonAdults = people.stream()
.filter(not(Person::isAdult))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
assertThat(nonAdults).size().isEqualTo(2);
}
}

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@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
package com.baeldung.string;
import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.equalTo;
import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import org.junit.Test;
public class StringAPITest {
@Test
public void whenPositiveArgument_thenReturnIndentedString() {
String multilineStr = "This is\na multiline\nstring.";
String outputStr = " This is\n a multiline\n string.\n";
String postIndent = multilineStr.indent(3);
assertThat(postIndent, equalTo(outputStr));
}
@Test
public void whenNegativeArgument_thenReturnReducedIndentedString() {
String multilineStr = " This is\n a multiline\n string.";
String outputStr = " This is\n a multiline\n string.\n";
String postIndent = multilineStr.indent(-2);
assertThat(postIndent, equalTo(outputStr));
}
@Test
public void whenTransformUsingLamda_thenReturnTransformedString() {
String result = "hello".transform(input -> input + " world!");
assertThat(result, equalTo("hello world!"));
}
@Test
public void whenTransformUsingParseInt_thenReturnInt() {
int result = "42".transform(Integer::parseInt);
assertThat(result, equalTo(42));
}
}

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@@ -4,3 +4,5 @@
### Relevant Articles:
- [Anonymous Classes in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/)
- [How to Delay Code Execution in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-delay-code-execution)
- [Run JAR Application With Command Line Arguments](https://www.baeldung.com/java-run-jar-with-arguments)

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@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@
<artifactId>icu4j</artifactId>
<version>${icu.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>

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@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
package com.baeldung.delay;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class Delay {
public static void main(String args[]) throws InterruptedException {
threadSleep(4, 1);
timeunitSleep(4, 1);
delayedServiceTask(5);
fixedRateServiceTask(5);
System.out.println("Done.");
return;
}
private static void threadSleep(Integer iterations, Integer secondsToSleep) {
for (Integer i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
System.out.println("This is loop iteration number " + i.toString());
try {
Thread.sleep(secondsToSleep * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}
private static void timeunitSleep(Integer iterations, Integer secondsToSleep) {
for (Integer i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
System.out.println("This is loop iteration number " + i.toString());
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(secondsToSleep);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}
private static void delayedServiceTask(Integer delayInSeconds) {
ScheduledExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
executorService.schedule(Delay::someTask1, delayInSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
private static void fixedRateServiceTask(Integer delayInSeconds) {
ScheduledExecutorService executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
ScheduledFuture<?> sf = executorService.scheduleAtFixedRate(Delay::someTask2, 0, delayInSeconds,
TimeUnit.SECONDS);
try {
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(20);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
sf.cancel(true);
}
private static void someTask1() {
System.out.println("Task 1 completed.");
}
private static void someTask2() {
System.out.println("Task 2 completed.");
}
}

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@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">
<persistence-unit
name="com.baeldung.optionalReturnType"
transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<description>Persist Optional Return Type Demo</description>
<provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
<class>com.baeldung.optionalReturnType.User</class>
<class>com.baeldung.optionalReturnType.UserOptional</class>
<!--
<class>com.baeldung.optionalReturnType.UserOptionalField</class>
-->
<exclude-unlisted-classes>true</exclude-unlisted-classes>
<properties>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver"
value="org.h2.Driver" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url"
value="jdbc:h2:mem:test" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="sa" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="" />
<property name="hibernate.dialect"
value="org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect" />
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create-drop" />
<property name="show_sql" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults"
value="false" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>

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@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ public class OptionalChainingUnitTest {
}
private Optional<String> createOptional(String input) {
if (input == null || input == "" || input == "empty") {
if (input == null || "".equals(input) || "empty".equals(input)) {
return Optional.empty();
}

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@@ -20,6 +20,14 @@
- [Multi-Release Jar Files](https://www.baeldung.com/java-multi-release-jar)
- [Ahead of Time Compilation (AoT)](https://www.baeldung.com/ahead-of-time-compilation)
- [Java 9 Process API Improvements](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-process-api)
- [Guide to java.lang.Process API](https://www.baeldung.com/java-process-api)
- [Java 9 java.util.Objects Additions](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-objects-new)
- [Java 9 Reactive Streams](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-reactive-streams)
- [Java 9 Optional API Additions](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-optional)
- [Java 9 CompletableFuture API Improvements](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-completablefuture)
- [Introduction to Java 9 StackWalking API](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-stackwalking-api)
- [Java 9 Convenience Factory Methods for Collections](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-collections-factory-methods)
- [Java 9 Stream API Improvements](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-stream-api)
- [A Guide to Java 9 Modularity](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-modularity)
- [Java 9 java.lang.Module API](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-module-api)
- [Java 9 Platform Logging API](https://www.baeldung.com/java-9-logging-api)
- [Filtering a Stream of Optionals in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-filter-stream-of-optional)

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@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import java.text.MessageFormat;
public class Slf4jLogger implements System.Logger {
@@ -74,26 +75,27 @@ public class Slf4jLogger implements System.Logger {
if (!isLoggable(level)) {
return;
}
String message = MessageFormat.format(format, params);
switch (level) {
case TRACE:
logger.trace(format, params);
logger.trace(message);
break;
case DEBUG:
logger.debug(format, params);
logger.debug(message);
break;
case INFO:
logger.info(format, params);
logger.info(message);
break;
case WARNING:
logger.warn(format, params);
logger.warn(message);
break;
case ERROR:
logger.error(format, params);
logger.error(message);
break;
case ALL:
default:
logger.info(format, params);
logger.info(message);
}
}
}

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@@ -15,3 +15,4 @@
- [Intersection Between two Integer Arrays](https://www.baeldung.com/java-array-intersection)
- [Sorting Arrays in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-sorting-arrays)
- [Convert a Float to a Byte Array in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-float-to-byte-array)
- [Converting Between Stream and Array in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-stream-to-array)

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@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
=========
## Core Java Collections Array List Cookbooks and Examples
### Relevant Articles:
- [Immutable ArrayList in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-immutable-list)
- [Guide to the Java ArrayList](http://www.baeldung.com/java-arraylist)
- [Add Multiple Items to an Java ArrayList](http://www.baeldung.com/java-add-items-array-list)
- [ClassCastException: Arrays$ArrayList cannot be cast to ArrayList](https://www.baeldung.com/java-classcastexception-arrays-arraylist)
- [Multi Dimensional ArrayList in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-multi-dimensional-arraylist)

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@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-collections-array-list</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-collections-array-list</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-java</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../parent-java</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
<version>${commons-collections4.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<commons-collections4.version>4.1</commons-collections4.version>
<commons-lang3.version>3.8.1</commons-lang3.version>
<assertj.version>3.11.1</assertj.version>
</properties>
</project>

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@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
package com.baeldung.java.list;
public class Flower {
private String name;
private int petals;
public Flower(String name, int petals) {
this.name = name;
this.petals = petals;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getPetals() {
return petals;
}
public void setPetals(int petals) {
this.petals = petals;
}
}

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@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>
</configuration>

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@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
=========
## Core Java Collections List Cookbooks and Examples
### Relevant Articles:
- [Check If Two Lists are Equal in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-test-a-list-for-ordinality-and-equality)
- [Java 8 Streams: Find Items From One List Based On Values From Another List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-streams-find-list-items)
- [A Guide to the Java LinkedList](http://www.baeldung.com/java-linkedlist)
- [Java List UnsupportedOperationException](http://www.baeldung.com/java-list-unsupported-operation-exception)
- [Java List Initialization in One Line](https://www.baeldung.com/java-init-list-one-line)
- [Ways to Iterate Over a List in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-iterate-list)
- [Flattening Nested Collections in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-flatten-nested-collections)
- [Intersection of Two Lists in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-lists-intersection)
- [Determine If All Elements Are the Same in a Java List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-all-equal)
- [List of Primitive Integer Values in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-primitive-int)
- [Performance Comparison of Primitive Lists in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-primitive-performance)
- [Filtering a Java Collection by a List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-filter-collection-by-list)

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@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-collections-list-2</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-collections-list-2</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-java</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../parent-java</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
<version>${commons-collections4.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
<version>${assertj.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.trove4j</groupId>
<artifactId>trove4j</artifactId>
<version>${trove4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>it.unimi.dsi</groupId>
<artifactId>fastutil</artifactId>
<version>${fastutil.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>colt</groupId>
<artifactId>colt</artifactId>
<version>${colt.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
<artifactId>jmh-core</artifactId>
<version>${jmh-core.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
<artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
<version>${jmh-core.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<commons-collections4.version>4.1</commons-collections4.version>
<commons-lang3.version>3.8.1</commons-lang3.version>
<assertj.version>3.11.1</assertj.version>
<trove4j.version>3.0.2</trove4j.version>
<fastutil.version>8.1.0</fastutil.version>
<colt.version>1.2.0</colt.version>
</properties>
</project>

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@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>
</configuration>

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@@ -3,31 +3,14 @@
## Core Java Collections List Cookbooks and Examples
### Relevant Articles:
- [Immutable ArrayList in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-immutable-list)
- [Guide to the Java ArrayList](http://www.baeldung.com/java-arraylist)
- [Java Get Random Item/Element From a List](http://www.baeldung.com/java-random-list-element)
- [Removing all nulls from a List in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-remove-nulls-from-list)
- [Removing all duplicates from a List in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-remove-duplicates-from-list)
- [How to TDD a List Implementation in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-test-driven-list)
- [Iterating Backward Through a List](http://www.baeldung.com/java-list-iterate-backwards)
- [Add Multiple Items to an Java ArrayList](http://www.baeldung.com/java-add-items-array-list)
- [Remove the First Element from a List](http://www.baeldung.com/java-remove-first-element-from-list)
- [How to Find an Element in a List with Java](http://www.baeldung.com/find-list-element-java)
- [Copy a List to Another List in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-copy-list-to-another)
- [Finding Max/Min of a List or Collection](http://www.baeldung.com/java-collection-min-max)
- [Collections.emptyList() vs. New List Instance](https://www.baeldung.com/java-collections-emptylist-new-list)
- [Remove All Occurrences of a Specific Value from a List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-remove-value-from-list)
- [Check If Two Lists are Equal in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-test-a-list-for-ordinality-and-equality)
- [Java 8 Streams: Find Items From One List Based On Values From Another List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-streams-find-list-items)
- [A Guide to the Java LinkedList](http://www.baeldung.com/java-linkedlist)
- [Java List UnsupportedOperationException](http://www.baeldung.com/java-list-unsupported-operation-exception)
- [Java List Initialization in One Line](https://www.baeldung.com/java-init-list-one-line)
- [Ways to Iterate Over a List in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-iterate-list)
- [ClassCastException: Arrays$ArrayList cannot be cast to ArrayList](https://www.baeldung.com/java-classcastexception-arrays-arraylist)
- [Flattening Nested Collections in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-flatten-nested-collections)
- [Intersection of Two Lists in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-lists-intersection)
- [Multi Dimensional ArrayList in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-multi-dimensional-arraylist)
- [Determine If All Elements Are the Same in a Java List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-all-equal)
- [List of Primitive Integer Values in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-primitive-int)
- [Performance Comparison of Primitive Lists in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-primitive-performance)
- [Filtering a Java Collection by a List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-filter-collection-by-list)
- [Remove All Occurrences of a Specific Value from a List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-remove-value-from-list)

View File

@@ -36,42 +36,12 @@
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.trove4j</groupId>
<artifactId>trove4j</artifactId>
<version>${trove4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>it.unimi.dsi</groupId>
<artifactId>fastutil</artifactId>
<version>${fastutil.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>colt</groupId>
<artifactId>colt</artifactId>
<version>${colt.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
<artifactId>jmh-core</artifactId>
<version>${jmh-core.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
<artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
<version>${jmh-core.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<commons-collections4.version>4.1</commons-collections4.version>
<commons-lang3.version>3.8.1</commons-lang3.version>
<avaitility.version>1.7.0</avaitility.version>
<assertj.version>3.11.1</assertj.version>
<trove4j.version>3.0.2</trove4j.version>
<fastutil.version>8.1.0</fastutil.version>
<colt.version>1.2.0</colt.version>
</properties>
</project>

View File

@@ -8,4 +8,5 @@
- [A Guide to HashSet in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-hashset)
- [A Guide to TreeSet in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-tree-set)
- [Initializing HashSet at the Time of Construction](http://www.baeldung.com/java-initialize-hashset)
- [Guide to EnumSet](https://www.baeldung.com/java-enumset)
- [Guide to EnumSet](https://www.baeldung.com/java-enumset)
- [Set Operations in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-set-operations)

View File

@@ -24,10 +24,20 @@
<artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
<version>${commons-collections4.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<commons-collections4.version>4.3</commons-collections4.version>
<guava.version>27.1-jre</guava.version>
</properties>
</project>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
package com.baeldung.set;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import org.apache.commons.lang.SerializationUtils;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
public class CopySets {
// Copy Constructor
public static <T> Set<T> copyByConstructor(Set<T> original) {
Set<T> copy = new HashSet<>(original);
return copy;
}
// Set.addAll
public static <T> Set<T> copyBySetAddAll(Set<T> original) {
Set<T> copy = new HashSet<>();
copy.addAll(original);
return copy;
}
// Set.clone
public static <T> Set<T> copyBySetClone(HashSet<T> original) {
Set<T> copy = (Set<T>) original.clone();
return copy;
}
// JSON
public static <T> Set<T> copyByJson(Set<T> original) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
String jsonStr = gson.toJson(original);
Set<T> copy = gson.fromJson(jsonStr, Set.class);
return copy;
}
// Apache Commons Lang
public static <T extends Serializable> Set<T> copyByApacheCommonsLang(Set<T> original) {
Set<T> copy = new HashSet<>();
for (T item : original) {
copy.add((T) SerializationUtils.clone(item));
}
return copy;
}
// Collectors.toSet
public static <T extends Serializable> Set<T> copyByCollectorsToSet(Set<T> original) {
Set<T> copy = original.stream()
.collect(Collectors.toSet());
return copy;
}
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.baeldung.exception.numberformat</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-exceptions</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-exceptions</name>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-java</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../parent-java</relativePath>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
package com.baeldung.error;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
public class ErrorGeneratorUnitTest {
@Test(expected = AssertionError.class)
public void whenError_thenIsNotCaughtByCatchException() {
try {
throw new AssertionError();
} catch (Exception e) {
Assert.fail(); // errors are not caught by catch exception
}
}
@Test
public void whenError_thenIsCaughtByCatchError() {
try {
throw new AssertionError();
} catch (Error e) {
// caught! -> test pass
}
}
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
package com.baeldung.exception.numberformat;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
* A set of examples tested to show cases where NumberFormatException is thrown and not thrown.
*/
public class NumberFormatExceptionUnitTest {
Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(NumberFormatExceptionUnitTest.class.getName());
/* ---INTEGER FAIL CASES--- */
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenByteConstructor_whenAlphabetAsInput_thenFail() {
Byte byteInt = new Byte("one");
}
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenShortConstructor_whenSpaceInInput_thenFail() {
Short shortInt = new Short("2 ");
}
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenParseIntMethod_whenSpaceInInput_thenFail() {
Integer aIntPrim = Integer.parseInt("6000 ");
}
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenParseIntMethod_whenUnderscoreInInput_thenFail() {
int bIntPrim = Integer.parseInt("_6000");
}
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenIntegerValueOfMethod_whenCommaInInput_thenFail() {
Integer cIntPrim = Integer.valueOf("6,000");
}
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenBigIntegerConstructor_whenDecimalInInput_thenFail() {
BigInteger bigInteger = new BigInteger("4.0");
}
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenDecodeMethod_whenAlphabetInInput_thenFail() {
Long decodedLong = Long.decode("64403L");
}
/* ---INTEGER PASS CASES--- */
@Test
public void givenInvalidNumberInputs_whenOptimized_thenPass() {
Byte byteInt = new Byte("1");
assertEquals(1, byteInt.intValue());
Short shortInt = new Short("2 ".trim());
assertEquals(2, shortInt.intValue());
Integer aIntObj = Integer.valueOf("6");
assertEquals(6, aIntObj.intValue());
BigInteger bigInteger = new BigInteger("4");
assertEquals(4, bigInteger.intValue());
int aIntPrim = Integer.parseInt("6000 ".trim());
assertEquals(6000, aIntPrim);
int bIntPrim = Integer.parseInt("_6000".replaceAll("_", ""));
assertEquals(6000, bIntPrim);
int cIntPrim = Integer.parseInt("-6000");
assertEquals(-6000, cIntPrim);
Long decodeInteger = Long.decode("644032334");
assertEquals(644032334L, decodeInteger.longValue());
}
/* ---DOUBLE FAIL CASES--- */
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenFloatConstructor_whenAlphabetInInput_thenFail() {
Float floatDecimalObj = new Float("one.1");
}
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenDoubleConstructor_whenAlphabetInInput_thenFail() {
Double doubleDecimalObj = new Double("two.2");
}
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenBigDecimalConstructor_whenSpecialCharsInInput_thenFail() {
BigDecimal bigDecimalObj = new BigDecimal("3_0.3");
}
@Test(expected = NumberFormatException.class)
public void givenParseDoubleMethod_whenCommaInInput_thenFail() {
double aDoublePrim = Double.parseDouble("4000,1");
}
/* ---DOUBLE PASS CASES--- */
@Test
public void givenDoubleConstructor_whenDecimalInInput_thenPass() {
Double doubleDecimalObj = new Double("2.2");
assertEquals(2.2, doubleDecimalObj.doubleValue(), 0);
}
@Test
public void givenDoubleValueOfMethod_whenMinusInInput_thenPass() {
Double aDoubleObj = Double.valueOf("-6000");
assertEquals(-6000, aDoubleObj.doubleValue(), 0);
}
@Test
public void givenUsDecimalNumber_whenParsedWithNumberFormat_thenPass() throws ParseException {
Number parsedNumber = parseNumberWithLocale("4000.1", Locale.US);
assertEquals(4000.1, parsedNumber);
assertEquals(4000.1, parsedNumber.doubleValue(), 0);
assertEquals(4000, parsedNumber.intValue());
}
/**
* In most European countries (for example, France), comma is used as decimal in place of period.
* @throws ParseException if the input string contains special characters other than comma or decimal.
* In this test case, anything after decimal (period) is dropped when a European locale is set.
*/
@Test
public void givenEuDecimalNumberHasComma_whenParsedWithNumberFormat_thenPass() throws ParseException {
Number parsedNumber = parseNumberWithLocale("4000,1", Locale.FRANCE);
LOG.info("Number parsed is: " + parsedNumber);
assertEquals(4000.1, parsedNumber);
assertEquals(4000.1, parsedNumber.doubleValue(), 0);
assertEquals(4000, parsedNumber.intValue());
}
/**
* Converts a string into a number retaining all decimals, and symbols valid in a locale.
* @param number the input string for a number.
* @param locale the locale to consider while parsing a number.
* @return the generic number object which can represent multiple number types.
* @throws ParseException when input contains invalid characters.
*/
private Number parseNumberWithLocale(String number, Locale locale) throws ParseException {
locale = locale == null ? Locale.getDefault() : locale;
NumberFormat numberFormat = NumberFormat.getInstance(locale);
return numberFormat.parse(number);
}
}

View File

@@ -40,3 +40,4 @@
- [How to Write to a CSV File in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-csv)
- [List Files in a Directory in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-directory-files)
- [Java InputStream to Byte Array and ByteBuffer](https://www.baeldung.com/convert-input-stream-to-array-of-bytes)
- [Introduction to the Java NIO Selector](https://www.baeldung.com/java-nio-selector)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>consumermodule</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0</version>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.decoupling-pattern1</groupId>
<artifactId>decoupling-pattern1</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baeldung.servicemodule</groupId>
<artifactId>servicemodule</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
package com.baeldung.consumermodule;
import com.baeldung.servicemodule.external.TextService;
import com.baeldung.servicemodule.external.TextServiceFactory;
public class Application {
public static void main(String args[]) {
TextService textService = TextServiceFactory.getTextService("lowercase");
System.out.println(textService.processText("Hello from Baeldung!"));
}
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
module com.baeldung.consumermodule {
requires com.baeldung.servicemodule;
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.baeldung.decoupling-pattern1</groupId>
<artifactId>decoupling-pattern1</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
<module>servicemodule</module>
<module>consumermodule</module>
</modules>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>11</source>
<target>11</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.baeldung.servicemodule</groupId>
<artifactId>servicemodule</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.decoupling-pattern1</groupId>
<artifactId>decoupling-pattern1</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
package com.baeldung.servicemodule.external;
public interface TextService {
String processText(String text);
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
package com.baeldung.servicemodule.external;
import com.baeldung.servicemodule.internal.LowercaseTextService;
import com.baeldung.servicemodule.internal.UppercaseTextService;
public class TextServiceFactory {
private TextServiceFactory() {}
public static TextService getTextService(String name) {
return name.equalsIgnoreCase("lowercase") ? new LowercaseTextService(): new UppercaseTextService();
}
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
package com.baeldung.servicemodule.internal;
import com.baeldung.servicemodule.external.TextService;
public class LowercaseTextService implements TextService {
@Override
public String processText(String text) {
return text.toLowerCase();
}
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
package com.baeldung.servicemodule.internal;
import com.baeldung.servicemodule.external.TextService;
public class UppercaseTextService implements TextService {
@Override
public String processText(String text) {
return text.toUpperCase();
}
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
module com.baeldung.servicemodule {
exports com.baeldung.servicemodule.external;
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>com.baeldung.decoupling-pattern2</artifactId>
<groupId>decoupling-pattern2</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.baeldung.consumermodule</groupId>
<artifactId>consumermodule</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baeldung.servicemodule</groupId>
<artifactId>servicemodule</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baeldung.providermodule</groupId>
<artifactId>providermodule</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
package com.baeldung.consumermodule;
import com.baeldung.servicemodule.TextService;
import java.util.ServiceLoader;
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ServiceLoader<TextService> services = ServiceLoader.load(TextService.class);
for (final TextService service: services) {
System.out.println("The service " + service.getClass().getSimpleName() + " says: " + service.parseText("Hello from Baeldung!"));
}
}
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
module com.baeldung.consumermodule {
requires com.baeldung.servicemodule;
uses com.baeldung.servicemodule.TextService;
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.baeldung.decoupling-pattern2</groupId>
<artifactId>decoupling-pattern2</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
<module>servicemodule</module>
<module>providermodule</module>
<module>consumermodule</module>
</modules>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>11</source>
<target>11</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.baeldung.providermodule</groupId>
<artifactId>providermodule</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<parent>
<artifactId>com.baeldung.decoupling-pattern2</artifactId>
<groupId>decoupling-pattern2</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baeldung.servicemodule</groupId>
<artifactId>servicemodule</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
package com.baeldung.providermodule;
import com.baeldung.servicemodule.TextService;
public class LowercaseTextService implements TextService {
@Override
public String parseText(String text) {
return text.toLowerCase();
}
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
module com.baeldung.providermodule {
requires com.baeldung.servicemodule;
provides com.baeldung.servicemodule.TextService with com.baeldung.providermodule.LowercaseTextService;
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>>com.baeldung.decoupling-pattern2</artifactId>
<groupId>decoupling-pattern2</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.servicemodule</groupId>
<artifactId>servicemodule</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
package com.baeldung.servicemodule;
public interface TextService {
String parseText(String text);
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
module com.baeldung.servicemodule {
exports com.baeldung.servicemodule;
}

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
## Relevant articles:
- [Why Do Local Variables Used in Lambdas Have to Be Final or Effectively Final?](https://www.baeldung.com/java-lambda-effectively-final-local-variables)

View File

@@ -4,3 +4,5 @@
### Relevant Articles:
- [Generic Constructors in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-generic-constructors)
- [Cannot Reference “X” Before Supertype Constructor Has Been Called](https://www.baeldung.com/java-cannot-reference-x-before-supertype-constructor-error)
- [Anonymous Classes in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-anonymous-classes)

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
0.*
# Files generated by integration tests
# *.txt
/temp

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>core-java-nio</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>core-java-nio</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
<artifactId>parent-java</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath>../../parent-java</relativePath>
</parent>
</project>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
package com.baeldung.filechannel;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.FileLock;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import org.junit.Test;
public class FileChannelUnitTest {
@Test
public void givenFile_whenReadWithFileChannelUsingRandomAccessFile_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
try (RandomAccessFile reader = new RandomAccessFile("src/test/resources/test_read.in", "r");
FileChannel channel = reader.getChannel();
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
int bufferSize = 1024;
if (bufferSize > channel.size()) {
bufferSize = (int) channel.size();
}
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(bufferSize);
while (channel.read(buff) > 0) {
out.write(buff.array(), 0, buff.position());
buff.clear();
}
String fileContent = new String(out.toByteArray(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
assertEquals("Hello world", fileContent);
}
}
@Test
public void givenFile_whenReadWithFileChannelUsingFileInputStream_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
try (ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream("src/test/resources/test_read.in");
FileChannel channel = fin.getChannel()) {
int bufferSize = 1024;
if (bufferSize > channel.size()) {
bufferSize = (int) channel.size();
}
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(bufferSize);
while (channel.read(buff) > 0) {
out.write(buff.array(), 0, buff.position());
buff.clear();
}
String fileContent = new String(out.toByteArray(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
assertEquals("Hello world", fileContent);
}
}
@Test
public void givenFile_whenReadAFileSectionIntoMemoryWithFileChannel_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
try (RandomAccessFile reader = new RandomAccessFile("src/test/resources/test_read.in", "r");
FileChannel channel = reader.getChannel();
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
MappedByteBuffer buff = channel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 6, 5);
if (buff.hasRemaining()) {
byte[] data = new byte[buff.remaining()];
buff.get(data);
assertEquals("world", new String(data, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
}
}
}
@Test
public void whenWriteWithFileChannelUsingRandomAccessFile_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
String file = "src/test/resources/test_write_using_filechannel.txt";
try (RandomAccessFile writer = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
FileChannel channel = writer.getChannel()) {
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.wrap("Hello world".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
channel.write(buff);
// now we verify whether the file was written correctly
RandomAccessFile reader = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r");
assertEquals("Hello world", reader.readLine());
reader.close();
}
}
@Test
public void givenFile_whenWriteAFileUsingLockAFileSectionWithFileChannel_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
try (RandomAccessFile reader = new RandomAccessFile("src/test/resources/test_read.in", "rw");
FileChannel channel = reader.getChannel();
FileLock fileLock = channel.tryLock(6, 5, Boolean.FALSE);) {
assertNotNull(fileLock);
}
}
@Test
public void givenFile_whenReadWithFileChannelGetPosition_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
try (ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
RandomAccessFile reader = new RandomAccessFile("src/test/resources/test_read.in", "r");
FileChannel channel = reader.getChannel()) {
int bufferSize = 1024;
if (bufferSize > channel.size()) {
bufferSize = (int) channel.size();
}
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.allocate(bufferSize);
while (channel.read(buff) > 0) {
out.write(buff.array(), 0, buff.position());
buff.clear();
}
// the original file is 11 bytes long, so that's where the position pointer should be
assertEquals(11, channel.position());
channel.position(4);
assertEquals(4, channel.position());
}
}
@Test
public void whenGetFileSize_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
try (RandomAccessFile reader = new RandomAccessFile("src/test/resources/test_read.in", "r");
FileChannel channel = reader.getChannel()) {
// the original file is 11 bytes long, so that's where the position pointer should be
assertEquals(11, channel.size());
}
}
@Test
public void whenTruncateFile_thenCorrect() throws IOException {
String input = "this is a test input";
FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream("src/test/resources/test_truncate.txt");
FileChannel channel = fout.getChannel();
ByteBuffer buff = ByteBuffer.wrap(input.getBytes());
channel.write(buff);
buff.flip();
channel = channel.truncate(5);
assertEquals(5, channel.size());
fout.close();
channel.close();
}
}

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@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
*.class
#folders#
/target
/neoDb*
/data
/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes
*/META-INF/*
# Packaged files #
*.jar
*.war
*.ear

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Hello world

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this

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@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
=========
## Core Java Optional
### Relevant Articles:

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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.baeldung.core-java-modules</groupId>
<artifactId>core-java-modules</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>core-java-optional</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<hibernate.core.version>5.4.0.Final</hibernate.core.version>
<h2database.version>1.4.197</h2database.version>
<jackson.databind.version>2.9.8</jackson.databind.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.core.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<version>${h2database.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.databind.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<source>${maven.compiler.source}</source>
<target>${maven.compiler.target}</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

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@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
package com.baeldung.optionalReturnType;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Optional;
public class HandleOptionalTypeExample {
static Map<String, User> usersByName = new HashMap();
static {
User user1 = new User();
user1.setUserId(1l);
user1.setFirstName("baeldung");
usersByName.put("baeldung", user1);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
changeUserName("baeldung", "baeldung-new");
changeUserName("user", "user-new");
}
public static void changeUserName(String oldFirstName, String newFirstName) {
Optional<User> userOpt = findUserByName(oldFirstName);
if (userOpt.isPresent()) {
User user = userOpt.get();
user.setFirstName(newFirstName);
System.out.println("user with name " + oldFirstName + " is changed to " + user.getFirstName());
} else {
// user is missing
System.out.println("user with name " + oldFirstName + " is not found.");
}
}
public static Optional<User> findUserByName(String name) {
// look up the user in the database, the user object below could be null
User user = usersByName.get(name);
Optional<User> opt = Optional.ofNullable(user);
return opt;
}
}

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package com.baeldung.optionalReturnType;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
public class OptionalToJsonExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserOptional user = new UserOptional();
user.setUserId(1l);
user.setFirstName("Bael Dung");
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
try {
System.out.print("user in json is:" + om.writeValueAsString(user));
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

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package com.baeldung.optionalReturnType;
import java.util.Optional;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class PersistOptionalTypeExample {
static String persistenceUnit = "com.baeldung.optionalReturnType";
static EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(persistenceUnit);
static EntityManager entityManager = emf.createEntityManager();
// to run this app, uncomment the follow line in META-INF/persistence.xml
// <class>com.baeldung.optionalReturnType.UserOptionalField</class>
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserOptionalField user1 = new UserOptionalField();
user1.setUserId(1l);
user1.setFirstName(Optional.of("Bael Dung"));
entityManager.persist(user1);
UserOptional user2 = entityManager.find(UserOptional.class, 1l);
System.out.print("User2.firstName:" + user2.getFirstName());
}
}

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package com.baeldung.optionalReturnType;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class PersistOptionalTypeExample2 {
static String persistenceUnit = "com.baeldung.optionalReturnType";
static EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(persistenceUnit);
static EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserOptional user1 = new UserOptional();
user1.setUserId(1l);
user1.setFirstName("Bael Dung");
em.persist(user1);
UserOptional user2 = em.find(UserOptional.class, 1l);
System.out.print("User2.firstName:" + user2.getFirstName());
}
}

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package com.baeldung.optionalReturnType;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
public class PersistUserExample {
static String persistenceUnit = "com.baeldung.optionalReturnType";
static EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(persistenceUnit);
static EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
public static void main(String[] args) {
User user1 = new User();
user1.setUserId(1l);
user1.setFirstName("Bael Dung");
em.persist(user1);
User user2 = em.find(User.class, 1l);
System.out.print("User2.firstName:" + user2.getFirstName());
}
}

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package com.baeldung.optionalReturnType;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.util.Optional;
public class SerializeOptionalTypeExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
User user1 = new User();
user1.setUserId(1l);
user1.setFirstName("baeldung");
serializeObject(user1, "user1.ser");
UserOptionalField user2 = new UserOptionalField();
user2.setUserId(1l);
user2.setFirstName(Optional.of("baeldung"));
serializeObject(user2, "user2.ser");
}
public static void serializeObject(Object object, String fileName) {
// Serialization
try {
FileOutputStream file = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(file);
out.writeObject(object);
out.close();
file.close();
System.out.println("Object " + object.toString() + " has been serialized to file " + fileName);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

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package com.baeldung.optionalReturnType;
import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class User implements Serializable {
@Id
private long userId;
private String firstName;
public long getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(long userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
}

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package com.baeldung.optionalReturnType;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Optional;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class UserOptional implements Serializable {
@Id
private long userId;
@Column(nullable = true)
private String firstName;
public long getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(long userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public Optional<String> getFirstName() {
return Optional.ofNullable(firstName);
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
Optional.ofNullable(firstName);
}
}

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package com.baeldung.optionalReturnType;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Optional;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class UserOptionalField implements Serializable {
@Id
private long userId;
private Optional<String> firstName;
public long getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(long userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public Optional<String> getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(Optional<String> firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
}

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## Relevant Articles
- [Void Type in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-void-type)

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@@ -51,3 +51,5 @@
- [Java Bitwise Operators](https://www.baeldung.com/java-bitwise-operators)
- [Guide to Creating and Running a Jar File in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-create-jar)
- [Making a JSON POST Request With HttpURLConnection](https://www.baeldung.com/httpurlconnection-post)
- [How to Find an Exceptions Root Cause in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-exception-root-cause)
- [Convert Hex to ASCII in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-hex-to-ascii)

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@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@
<gson.version>2.8.2</gson.version>
<!-- util -->
<commons-lang3.version>3.5</commons-lang3.version>
<commons-lang3.version>3.9</commons-lang3.version>
<commons-io.version>2.5</commons-io.version>
<commons-math3.version>3.6.1</commons-math3.version>
<decimal4j.version>1.0.3</decimal4j.version>

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