BAEL-3131 Guide to Java HashMap (#8229)

http://jira.baeldung.com/browse/BAEL-3130

core-java-modules/core-java-lang-math/src/main/java/com/baeldung/overflow/Overflow.java

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package com.baeldung.overflow;
+
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+
+public class Overflow {
+
+    public static void showIntegerOverflow() {
+
+        int value = Integer.MAX_VALUE-1;
+
+        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++, value++) {
+            System.out.println(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void noOverflowWithBigInteger() {
+
+        BigInteger largeValue = new BigInteger(Integer.MAX_VALUE + "");
+        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            System.out.println(largeValue);
+            largeValue = largeValue.add(BigInteger.ONE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void exceptionWithAddExact() {
+
+        int value = Integer.MAX_VALUE-1;
+        for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            System.out.println(value);
+            value = Math.addExact(value, 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static int addExact(int x, int y) {
+
+        int r = x + y;
+        if (((x ^ r) & (y ^ r)) < 0) {
+            throw new ArithmeticException("int overflow");
+        }
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    public static void demonstrateUnderflow() {
+
+        for(int i = 1073; i <= 1076; i++) {
+            System.out.println("2^" + i + " = " + Math.pow(2, -i));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static double powExact(double base, double exponent)
+    {
+        if(base == 0.0) {
+            return 0.0;
+        }
+
+        double result = Math.pow(base, exponent);
+
+        if(result == Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY ) {
+            throw new ArithmeticException("Double overflow resulting in POSITIVE_INFINITY");
+        } else if(result == Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY) {
+            throw new ArithmeticException("Double overflow resulting in NEGATIVE_INFINITY");
+        } else if(Double.compare(-0.0f, result) == 0) {
+            throw new ArithmeticException("Double overflow resulting in negative zero");
+        } else if(Double.compare(+0.0f, result) == 0) {
+            throw new ArithmeticException("Double overflow resulting in positive zero");
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+}