package com.baeldung.string; import java.util.Optional; class StringHelper { static String removeLastChar(String s) { return (s == null || s.length() == 0) ? s : (s.substring(0, s.length() - 1)); } static String removeLastCharRegex(String s) { return (s == null) ? s : s.replaceAll(".$", ""); } static String removeLastCharOptional(String s) { return Optional.ofNullable(s).filter(str -> str.length() != 0).map(str -> str.substring(0, str.length() - 1)).orElse(s); } static String removeLastCharRegexOptional(String s) { return Optional.ofNullable(s).map(str -> str.replaceAll(".$", "")).orElse(s); } }