Merge branch 'master' into BAEL-16646-2

core-groovy-collections/README.md

@@ -5,4 +5,6 @@ This module contains articles about Groovy core collections
 ## Relevant articles:
 
 - [Maps in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-maps)
-
+- [Finding Elements in Collections in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-collections-find-elements)
+- [Lists in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-lists)
+- [A Quick Guide to Iterating a Map in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-map-iterating)

core-groovy-collections/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/find/ListFindUnitTest.groovy

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-package com.baeldung.lists
+package com.baeldung.find
 
-import com.baeldung.Person
+import com.baeldung.find.Person
 import org.junit.Test
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.*
 
-class ListUnitTest {
+class ListFindUnitTest {
 
     private final personList = [
       new Person("Regina", "Fitzpatrick", 25),

core-groovy-collections/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/find/MapFindUnitTest.groovy

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-package com.baeldung.map
+package com.baeldung.find
 
-import com.baeldung.Person
+import com.baeldung.find.Person
 import org.junit.Test
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.*
 
-class MapUnitTest {
+class MapFindUnitTest {
 
     private final personMap = [
       Regina : new Person("Regina", "Fitzpatrick", 25),
@@ -13,84 +13,6 @@ class MapUnitTest {
       Lucian : new Person("Lucian", "Walter", 30)
     ]
 
-    @Test
-    void whenUsingEach_thenMapIsIterated() {
-        def map = [
-            'FF0000' : 'Red',
-            '00FF00' : 'Lime',
-            '0000FF' : 'Blue',
-            'FFFF00' : 'Yellow'
-        ]
-
-        map.each { println "Hex Code: $it.key = Color Name: $it.value" }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void whenUsingEachWithEntry_thenMapIsIterated() {
-        def map = [
-            'E6E6FA' : 'Lavender',
-            'D8BFD8' : 'Thistle',
-            'DDA0DD' : 'Plum',
-        ]
-
-        map.each { entry -> println "Hex Code: $entry.key = Color Name: $entry.value" }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void whenUsingEachWithKeyAndValue_thenMapIsIterated() {
-        def map = [
-            '000000' : 'Black',
-            'FFFFFF' : 'White',
-            '808080' : 'Gray'
-        ]
-
-        map.each { key, val ->
-            println "Hex Code: $key = Color Name $val"
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void whenUsingEachWithIndexAndEntry_thenMapIsIterated() {
-        def map = [
-            '800080' : 'Purple',
-            '4B0082' : 'Indigo',
-            '6A5ACD' : 'Slate Blue'
-        ]
-
-        map.eachWithIndex { entry, index ->
-            def indent = ((index == 0 || index % 2 == 0) ? "   " : "")
-            println "$indent Hex Code: $entry.key = Color Name: $entry.value"
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void whenUsingEachWithIndexAndKeyAndValue_thenMapIsIterated() {
-        def map = [
-            'FFA07A' : 'Light Salmon',
-            'FF7F50' : 'Coral',
-            'FF6347' : 'Tomato',
-            'FF4500' : 'Orange Red'
-        ]
-
-        map.eachWithIndex { key, val, index ->
-            def indent = ((index == 0 || index % 2 == 0) ? "   " : "")
-            println "$indent Hex Code: $key = Color Name: $val"
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void whenUsingForLoop_thenMapIsIterated() {
-        def map = [
-            '2E8B57' : 'Seagreen',
-            '228B22' : 'Forest Green',
-            '008000' : 'Green'
-        ]
-
-        for (entry in map) {
-            println "Hex Code: $entry.key = Color Name: $entry.value"
-        }
-    }
-
     @Test
     void whenMapContainsKeyElement_thenCheckReturnsTrue() {
         def map = [a: 'd', b: 'e', c: 'f']

core-groovy-collections/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/find/Person.groovy

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package com.baeldung
+package com.baeldung.find
 
 class Person {
     private String firstname

core-groovy-collections/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/find/SetFindUnitTest.groovy

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-package com.baeldung.set
+package com.baeldung.find
 
 import org.junit.Test
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
 
-class SetUnitTest {
+class SetFindUnitTest {
 
     @Test
     void whenSetContainsElement_thenCheckReturnsTrue() {

core-groovy-collections/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/iteratemap/IterateMapUnitTest.groovy

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package com.baeldung.iteratemap
+
+import com.baeldung.find.Person
+import org.junit.Test
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.*
+
+class IterateMapUnitTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void whenUsingEach_thenMapIsIterated() {
+        def map = [
+                'FF0000' : 'Red',
+                '00FF00' : 'Lime',
+                '0000FF' : 'Blue',
+                'FFFF00' : 'Yellow'
+        ]
+
+        map.each { println "Hex Code: $it.key = Color Name: $it.value" }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void whenUsingEachWithEntry_thenMapIsIterated() {
+        def map = [
+                'E6E6FA' : 'Lavender',
+                'D8BFD8' : 'Thistle',
+                'DDA0DD' : 'Plum',
+        ]
+
+        map.each { entry -> println "Hex Code: $entry.key = Color Name: $entry.value" }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void whenUsingEachWithKeyAndValue_thenMapIsIterated() {
+        def map = [
+                '000000' : 'Black',
+                'FFFFFF' : 'White',
+                '808080' : 'Gray'
+        ]
+
+        map.each { key, val ->
+            println "Hex Code: $key = Color Name $val"
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void whenUsingEachWithIndexAndEntry_thenMapIsIterated() {
+        def map = [
+                '800080' : 'Purple',
+                '4B0082' : 'Indigo',
+                '6A5ACD' : 'Slate Blue'
+        ]
+
+        map.eachWithIndex { entry, index ->
+            def indent = ((index == 0 || index % 2 == 0) ? "   " : "")
+            println "$indent Hex Code: $entry.key = Color Name: $entry.value"
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void whenUsingEachWithIndexAndKeyAndValue_thenMapIsIterated() {
+        def map = [
+                'FFA07A' : 'Light Salmon',
+                'FF7F50' : 'Coral',
+                'FF6347' : 'Tomato',
+                'FF4500' : 'Orange Red'
+        ]
+
+        map.eachWithIndex { key, val, index ->
+            def indent = ((index == 0 || index % 2 == 0) ? "   " : "")
+            println "$indent Hex Code: $key = Color Name: $val"
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void whenUsingForLoop_thenMapIsIterated() {
+        def map = [
+                '2E8B57' : 'Seagreen',
+                '228B22' : 'Forest Green',
+                '008000' : 'Green'
+        ]
+
+        for (entry in map) {
+            println "Hex Code: $entry.key = Color Name: $entry.value"
+        }
+    }
+}

core-groovy-collections/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/lists/ListUnitTest.groovy

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-package com.baeldung.groovy.lists
+package com.baeldung.lists
 
 import static groovy.test.GroovyAssert.*
 import org.junit.Test
 
-class ListTest{
+class ListUnitTest {
 
     @Test
     void testCreateList() {

core-groovy-collections/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/maps/MapTest.groovy

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package com.baeldung.map;
+package com.baeldung.maps;
 
 import static groovy.test.GroovyAssert.*
 import org.junit.Test

core-groovy/README.md

@@ -8,11 +8,8 @@ This module contains articles about core Groovy concepts
 - [Working with JSON in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-json)
 - [Reading a File in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-file-read)
 - [Types of Strings in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-strings)
-- [A Quick Guide to Iterating a Map in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-map-iterating)
 - [An Introduction to Traits in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-traits)
 - [Closures in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-closures)
-- [Finding Elements in Collections in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-collections-find-elements)
-- [Lists in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-lists)
 - [Converting a String to a Date in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-string-to-date)
 - [Guide to I/O in Groovy](https://www.baeldung.com/groovy-io)
 - [[More -->]](/core-groovy-2)

core-groovy/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/map/MapTest.groovy

@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-package com.baeldung.groovy.map;
-
-import static groovy.test.GroovyAssert.*
-import org.junit.Test
-
-class MapTest{
-
-    @Test
-    void createMap() {
-
-        def emptyMap = [:]
-        assertNotNull(emptyMap)
-
-        assertTrue(emptyMap instanceof java.util.LinkedHashMap)
-
-        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York"]
-        assertTrue(map.size() == 3)
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void addItemsToMap() {
-
-        def map = [name:"Jerry"]
-
-        map["age"] = 42
-
-        map.city = "New York"
-
-        def hobbyLiteral = "hobby"
-        def hobbyMap = [(hobbyLiteral): "Singing"]
-        map.putAll(hobbyMap)
-
-        assertTrue(map == [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"])
-        assertTrue(hobbyMap.hobby == "Singing")
-        assertTrue(hobbyMap[hobbyLiteral] == "Singing")
-        
-        map.plus([1:20]) // returns new map
-
-        map << [2:30]
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void getItemsFromMap() {
-
-        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"]
-
-        assertTrue(map["name"] == "Jerry")
-
-        assertTrue(map.name == "Jerry")
-
-        def propertyAge = "age"
-        assertTrue(map[propertyAge] == 42)
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void removeItemsFromMap() {
-
-        def map = [1:20, a:30, 2:42, 4:34, ba:67, 6:39, 7:49]
-
-        def minusMap = map.minus([2:42, 4:34]);
-        assertTrue(minusMap == [1:20, a:30, ba:67, 6:39, 7:49])
-
-        minusMap.removeAll{it -> it.key instanceof String}
-        assertTrue( minusMap == [ 1:20, 6:39, 7:49])
-
-        minusMap.retainAll{it -> it.value %2 == 0}
-        assertTrue( minusMap == [1:20])
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void iteratingOnMaps(){
-        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"]
-
-        map.each{ entry -> println "$entry.key: $entry.value" }
-
-        map.eachWithIndex{ entry, i -> println "$i $entry.key: $entry.value" }
-
-        map.eachWithIndex{ key, value, i -> println "$i $key: $value" }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void filteringAndSearchingMaps(){
-        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"]
-
-        assertTrue(map.find{ it.value == "New York"}.key == "city")
-
-        assertTrue(map.findAll{ it.value == "New York"} == [city : "New York"])
-
-        map.grep{it.value == "New York"}.each{ it -> assertTrue(it.key == "city" && it.value == "New York")}
-
-        assertTrue(map.every{it -> it.value instanceof String} == false)
-
-        assertTrue(map.any{it -> it.value instanceof String} == true)
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void collect(){
-
-        def map = [1: [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York"],
-            2: [name:"Long", age: 25, city: "New York"],
-            3: [name:"Dustin", age: 29, city: "New York"],
-            4: [name:"Dustin", age: 34, city: "New York"]]
-
-        def names = map.collect{entry -> entry.value.name} // returns only list
-        assertTrue(names == ["Jerry", "Long", "Dustin", "Dustin"])
-
-        def uniqueNames = map.collect([] as HashSet){entry -> entry.value.name}
-        assertTrue(uniqueNames == ["Jerry", "Long", "Dustin"] as Set)
-
-        def idNames = map.collectEntries{key, value -> [key, value.name]}
-        assertTrue(idNames == [1:"Jerry", 2: "Long", 3:"Dustin", 4: "Dustin"])
-
-        def below30Names = map.findAll{it.value.age < 30}.collect{key, value -> value.name}
-        assertTrue(below30Names == ["Long", "Dustin"])
-
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void group(){
-        def map = [1:20, 2: 40, 3: 11, 4: 93]
-
-        def subMap = map.groupBy{it.value % 2}
-        println subMap
-        assertTrue(subMap == [0:[1:20, 2:40 ], 1:[3:11, 4:93]])
-
-        def keySubMap = map.subMap([1, 2])
-        assertTrue(keySubMap == [1:20, 2:40])
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void sorting(){
-        def map = [ab:20, a: 40, cb: 11, ba: 93]
-
-        def naturallyOrderedMap = map.sort()
-        assertTrue([a:40, ab:20, ba:93, cb:11] == naturallyOrderedMap)
-
-        def compSortedMap = map.sort({ k1, k2 -> k1 <=> k2 } as Comparator)
-        assertTrue([a:40, ab:20, ba:93, cb:11] == compSortedMap)
-
-        def cloSortedMap = map.sort({ it1, it2 -> it1.value <=> it1.value })
-        assertTrue([cb:11, ab:20, a:40, ba:93] == cloSortedMap)
-
-    }
-
-}

core-java-modules/core-java-io/pom.xml

@@ -50,6 +50,12 @@
             <artifactId>jmimemagic</artifactId>
             <version>${jmime-magic.version}</version>
         </dependency>
+        <!-- Context Libraries -->
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.sun.messaging.mq</groupId>
+            <artifactId>fscontext</artifactId>
+            <version>${fscontext.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>
@@ -154,7 +160,7 @@
         <tika.version>1.18</tika.version>
         <jmime-magic.version>0.1.5</jmime-magic.version>
         <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.1.0</maven-jar-plugin.version>
-
+        <fscontext.version>4.4.2</fscontext.version>
     </properties>
 
 </project>

core-java-modules/core-java-jvm/README.md

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
-=========
-
 ## Core Java JVM Cookbooks and Examples
 
+This module contains articles about working with the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
+
 ### Relevant Articles: 
+
 - [Method Inlining in the JVM](https://www.baeldung.com/jvm-method-inlining)
+- [JVM Log Forging](https://www.baeldung.com/jvm-log-forging)
+- [Guide to Java Instrumentation](https://www.baeldung.com/java-instrumentation)
+- [Class Loaders in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-classloaders)
 - [A Guide to System.exit()](https://www.baeldung.com/java-system-exit)
 - [Guide to System.gc()](https://www.baeldung.com/java-system-gc)

core-java-modules/core-java-jvm/pom.xml

@@ -13,4 +13,49 @@
         <relativePath>../../</relativePath>
     </parent>
 
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>junit</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+            <version>${junit.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
+            <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${assertj.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
+            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
+            <version>${javaassist.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.owasp.esapi</groupId>
+            <artifactId>esapi</artifactId>
+            <version>${esapi.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.sun</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tools</artifactId>
+            <version>${sun.tools.version}</version>
+            <scope>system</scope>
+            <systemPath>${java.home}/../lib/tools.jar</systemPath>
+        </dependency>
+
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <properties>
+        <assertj.version>3.6.1</assertj.version>
+        <!-- instrumentation -->
+        <javaassist.version>3.21.0-GA</javaassist.version>
+        <esapi.version>2.1.0.1</esapi.version>
+        <sun.tools.version>1.8.0</sun.tools.version>
+    </properties>
 </project>

core-java-modules/core-java-os/README.md

@@ -3,9 +3,14 @@
 This module contains articles about working with the operating system (OS) in Java
 
 ### Relevant Articles: 
+
 - [Java 9 Process API Improvements](http://www.baeldung.com/java-9-process-api)
 - [Guide to java.lang.Process API](https://www.baeldung.com/java-process-api)
 - [Guide to java.lang.ProcessBuilder API](https://www.baeldung.com/java-lang-processbuilder-api)
 - [Get the Current Working Directory in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-current-directory)
+- [How to Detect the OS Using Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-detect-os)
+- [How to Print Screen in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/print-screen-in-java)
+- [Pattern Search with Grep in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/grep-in-java)
+- [How to Run a Shell Command in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/run-shell-command-in-java)
 
 This module uses Java 9, so make sure to have the JDK 9 installed to run it.

core-java-modules/core-java-os/pom.xml

@@ -42,6 +42,16 @@
             <version>${assertj.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.unix4j</groupId>
+            <artifactId>unix4j-command</artifactId>
+            <version>${unix4j.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.googlecode.grep4j</groupId>
+            <artifactId>grep4j</artifactId>
+            <version>${grep4j.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>
@@ -77,5 +87,7 @@
         <maven.compiler.source>1.9</maven.compiler.source>
         <maven.compiler.target>1.9</maven.compiler.target>
         <guava.version>25.1-jre</guava.version>
+        <unix4j.version>0.4</unix4j.version>
+        <grep4j.version>1.8.7</grep4j.version>
     </properties>
 </project>

core-java-modules/core-java-os/src/test/java/com/baeldung/shell/JavaProcessUnitIntegrationTest.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package org.baeldung.java.shell;
+package com.baeldung.java.shell;
 
 import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Test;

core-java-modules/core-java/README.md

@@ -1,18 +1,12 @@
-=========
-
 ## Core Java Cookbooks and Examples
 
 ### Relevant Articles: 
 - [Java Timer](http://www.baeldung.com/java-timer-and-timertask)
-- [How to Run a Shell Command in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/run-shell-command-in-java)
-- [How to Print Screen in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/print-screen-in-java)
 - [A Guide To Java Regular Expressions API](http://www.baeldung.com/regular-expressions-java)
 - [Getting Started with Java Properties](http://www.baeldung.com/java-properties)
-- [Pattern Search with Grep in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/grep-in-java)
 - [How to Create an Executable JAR with Maven](http://www.baeldung.com/executable-jar-with-maven)
 - [Introduction to Nashorn](http://www.baeldung.com/java-nashorn)
 - [Java Money and the Currency API](http://www.baeldung.com/java-money-and-currency)
-- [JVM Log Forging](http://www.baeldung.com/jvm-log-forging)
 - [How to Add a Single Element to a Stream](http://www.baeldung.com/java-stream-append-prepend)
 - [How to Find all Getters Returning Null](http://www.baeldung.com/java-getters-returning-null)
 - [How to Get a Name of a Method Being Executed?](http://www.baeldung.com/java-name-of-executing-method)
@@ -24,15 +18,12 @@
 - [Compiling Java *.class Files with javac](http://www.baeldung.com/javac)
 - [Introduction to Javadoc](http://www.baeldung.com/javadoc)
 - [Guide to the Externalizable Interface in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-externalizable)
-- [How to Detect the OS Using Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-detect-os)
 - [ASCII Art in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/ascii-art-in-java)
 - [What is the serialVersionUID?](http://www.baeldung.com/java-serial-version-uid)
 - [A Guide to the ResourceBundle](http://www.baeldung.com/java-resourcebundle)
-- [Class Loaders in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-classloaders)
 - [Importance of Main Manifest Attribute in a Self-Executing JAR](http://www.baeldung.com/java-jar-executable-manifest-main-class)
 - [Java Global Exception Handler](http://www.baeldung.com/java-global-exception-handler)
 - [How to Get the Size of an Object in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-size-of-object)
-- [Guide to Java Instrumentation](http://www.baeldung.com/java-instrumentation)
 - [Common Java Exceptions](http://www.baeldung.com/java-common-exceptions)
 - [Throw Exception in Optional in Java 8](https://www.baeldung.com/java-optional-throw-exception)
 - [Merging java.util.Properties Objects](https://www.baeldung.com/java-merging-properties)

core-java-modules/core-java/pom.xml

@@ -60,24 +60,6 @@
             <artifactId>moneta</artifactId>
             <version>${javamoney.moneta.version}</version>
         </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.owasp.esapi</groupId>
-            <artifactId>esapi</artifactId>
-            <version>${esapi.version}</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <!-- instrumentation -->
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
-            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
-            <version>${javaassist.version}</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>com.sun</groupId>
-            <artifactId>tools</artifactId>
-            <version>${sun.tools.version}</version>
-            <scope>system</scope>
-            <systemPath>${java.home}/../lib/tools.jar</systemPath>
-        </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>
@@ -401,24 +383,18 @@
         <!-- util -->
         <unix4j.version>0.4</unix4j.version>
         <grep4j.version>1.8.7</grep4j.version>
-
+      
         <!-- testing -->
         <assertj-core.version>3.10.0</assertj-core.version>
 
-        <!-- maven plugins -->        
+        <!-- maven plugins -->
         <javamoney.moneta.version>1.1</javamoney.moneta.version>
-        <esapi.version>2.1.0.1</esapi.version>
-       
+
         <maven-javadoc-plugin.version>3.0.0-M1</maven-javadoc-plugin.version>
         <maven-jar-plugin.version>3.0.2</maven-jar-plugin.version>
         <onejar-maven-plugin.version>1.4.4</onejar-maven-plugin.version>
         <maven-shade-plugin.version>3.1.1</maven-shade-plugin.version>
         <spring-boot-maven-plugin.version>2.0.3.RELEASE</spring-boot-maven-plugin.version>
         <exec-maven-plugin.version>1.6.0</exec-maven-plugin.version>
-
-        <!-- instrumentation -->
-        <javaassist.version>3.21.0-GA</javaassist.version>
-        
-        <sun.tools.version>1.8.0</sun.tools.version>
     </properties>
 </project>

core-java-modules/core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/printscreen/README.md

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-### Relevant Articles:
-- [How to Print Screen in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/print-screen-in-java)

java-collections-conversions-2/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+## Java Collections Cookbooks and Examples
+
+This module contains articles about conversions among Collection types and arrays in Java.
+
+### Relevant Articles: 
+- [Array to String Conversions](https://www.baeldung.com/java-array-to-string)
+- More articles: [[<-- prev]](../java-collections-conversions)

java-collections-conversions-2/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <artifactId>java-collections-conversions-2</artifactId>
+    <version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <name>java-collections-conversions-2</name>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <artifactId>parent-java</artifactId>
+        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../parent-java</relativePath>
+    </parent>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
+            <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <finalName>java-collections-conversions-2</finalName>
+        <resources>
+            <resource>
+                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
+                <filtering>true</filtering>
+            </resource>
+        </resources>
+    </build>
+
+    <properties>
+    </properties>
+</project>

java-collections-conversions-2/src/test/java/com/baeldung/convertarraytostring/ArrayToStringUnitTest.java

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
-package org.baeldung.convertarraytostring;
+package com.baeldung.convertarraytostring;
+
+import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
+import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+import org.junit.Test;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
-import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
-import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
-
 import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.instanceOf;
 import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

java-collections-conversions/README.md

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ This module contains articles about conversions among Collection types and array
 - [Convert a Map to an Array, List or Set in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/convert-map-values-to-array-list-set)
 - [Converting a List to String in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-to-string)
 - [How to Convert List to Map in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-list-to-map)
-- [Array to String Conversions](https://www.baeldung.com/java-array-to-string)
 - [Converting a Collection to ArrayList in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-collection-arraylist)
 - [Java 8 Collectors toMap](https://www.baeldung.com/java-collectors-tomap)
 - [Converting Iterable to Collection in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-iterable-to-collection)
 - [Converting Iterator to List](https://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-iterator-to-list)
+- More articles: [[next -->]](../java-collections-conversions-2)

java-collections-conversions/pom.xml

@@ -32,6 +32,16 @@
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
+    <build>
+        <finalName>java-collections-conversions-2</finalName>
+        <resources>
+            <resource>
+                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
+                <filtering>true</filtering>
+            </resource>
+        </resources>
+    </build>
+
     <properties>
         <commons-collections4.version>4.1</commons-collections4.version>
         <assertj.version>3.6.1</assertj.version>

java-collections-conversions/src/test/java/com/baeldung/convertcollectiontoarraylist/CollectionToArrayListUnitTest.java

@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.*;
  *
  * @author chris
  */
-public class FooUnitTest {
+public class CollectionToArrayListUnitTest {
     private static Collection<Foo> srcCollection = new HashSet<>();
 
-    public FooUnitTest() {
+    public CollectionToArrayListUnitTest() {
     }
     
     @BeforeClass

java-collections-conversions/src/test/java/com/baeldung/convertiteratortolist/ConvertIteratorToListServiceUnitTest.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package com.baeldung.convert.iteratortolist;
+package com.baeldung.convertiteratortolist;
 
 import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
 import static org.hamcrest.collection.IsCollectionWithSize.hasSize;

java-collections-conversions/src/test/java/com/baeldung/convertlisttomap/ConvertListWithDuplicatedIdToMapServiceUnitTest.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.hasItem;
 import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.hasSize;
 
-public class ConvertListWithDiplicatedIdToMapServiceUnitTest {
+public class ConvertListWithDuplicatedIdToMapServiceUnitTest {
     List<Animal> duplicatedIdList;
 
     private ConvertListToMapService convertListService = new ConvertListToMapService();

java-collections-conversions/src/test/java/com/baeldung/java/collections/JavaCollectionConversionUnitTest.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package org.baeldung.java.collections;
+package com.baeldung.java.collections;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;

java-collections-conversions/src/test/java/com/baeldung/java/lists/ListToStringUnitTest.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package org.baeldung.java.lists;
+package com.baeldung.java.lists;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
-public class ListToSTring {
+public class ListToStringUnitTest {
 
     @Test
     public void whenListToString_thenPrintDefault() {

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/AppendCharAtPositionX.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ package com.baeldung.string;
  *
  */
 public class AppendCharAtPositionX {
-    
+
     public String addCharUsingCharArray(String str, char ch, int position) {
         validate(str, position);
         int len = str.length();
@@ -30,15 +30,14 @@ public class AppendCharAtPositionX {
         sb.insert(position, ch);
         return sb.toString();
     }
-    
+
     private void validate(String str, int position) {
         if (str == null) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Str should not be null");
         }
         int len = str.length();
         if (position < 0 || position > len) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("position[" + position + "] should be " 
-                            + "in the range 0.." + len + " for string " + str);
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("position[" + position + "] should be " + "in the range 0.." + len + " for string " + str);
         }
     }
 

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/StringHelper.java

@@ -12,10 +12,15 @@ class StringHelper {
     }
 
     static String removeLastCharOptional(String s) {
-        return Optional.ofNullable(s).filter(str -> str.length() != 0).map(str -> str.substring(0, str.length() - 1)).orElse(s);
+        return Optional.ofNullable(s)
+            .filter(str -> str.length() != 0)
+            .map(str -> str.substring(0, str.length() - 1))
+            .orElse(s);
     }
 
     static String removeLastCharRegexOptional(String s) {
-        return Optional.ofNullable(s).map(str -> str.replaceAll(".$", "")).orElse(s);
+        return Optional.ofNullable(s)
+            .map(str -> str.replaceAll(".$", ""))
+            .orElse(s);
     }
 }

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/Benchmarking.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package com.baeldung.stringisnumeric;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
 
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
@@ -13,13 +13,11 @@ import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.RunnerException;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.Options;
 import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.OptionsBuilder;
 
-
 public class Benchmarking {
     public static void main(String[] args) throws RunnerException {
-        Options opt = new OptionsBuilder()
-                .include(Benchmarking.class.getSimpleName())
-                .forks(1)
-                .build();
+        Options opt = new OptionsBuilder().include(Benchmarking.class.getSimpleName())
+            .forks(1)
+            .build();
 
         new Runner(opt).run();
     }
@@ -28,45 +26,45 @@ public class Benchmarking {
     public static class ExecutionPlan {
         public String number = Integer.toString(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
         public boolean isNumber = false;
-        public IsNumeric isNumeric= new IsNumeric();
+        public IsNumeric isNumeric = new IsNumeric();
     }
-    
-    @Benchmark 
+
+    @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
     @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
     public void usingCoreJava(ExecutionPlan plan) {
         plan.isNumber = plan.isNumeric.usingCoreJava(plan.number);
     }
-    
-    @Benchmark 
+
+    @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
     @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
     public void usingRegularExpressions(ExecutionPlan plan) {
         plan.isNumber = plan.isNumeric.usingRegularExpressions(plan.number);
     }
-    
-    @Benchmark 
+
+    @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
     @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
     public void usingNumberUtils_isCreatable(ExecutionPlan plan) {
         plan.isNumber = plan.isNumeric.usingNumberUtils_isCreatable(plan.number);
     }
-    
-    @Benchmark 
+
+    @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
     @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
     public void usingNumberUtils_isParsable(ExecutionPlan plan) {
         plan.isNumber = plan.isNumeric.usingNumberUtils_isParsable(plan.number);
     }
-    
-    @Benchmark 
+
+    @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
     @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
     public void usingStringUtils_isNumeric(ExecutionPlan plan) {
         plan.isNumber = plan.isNumeric.usingStringUtils_isNumeric(plan.number);
     }
-    
-    @Benchmark 
+
+    @Benchmark
     @BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
     @OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
     public void usingStringUtils_isNumericSpace(ExecutionPlan plan) {

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/CheckIntegerInput.java

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
-package com.baeldung.string.checkinputs;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
 
 import java.util.Scanner;
 
 public class CheckIntegerInput {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
-
         try (Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in)) {
             System.out.println("Enter an integer : ");
-            
+
             if (scanner.hasNextInt()) {
                 System.out.println("You entered : " + scanner.nextInt());
             } else {

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/IsNumeric.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package com.baeldung.stringisnumeric;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
 
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.math.NumberUtils;
@@ -6,29 +6,29 @@ import org.apache.commons.lang3.math.NumberUtils;
 public class IsNumeric {
     public boolean usingCoreJava(String strNum) {
         try {
-            double d = Double.parseDouble(strNum);
+            Double.parseDouble(strNum);
         } catch (NumberFormatException | NullPointerException nfe) {
             return false;
         }
         return true;
     }
-    
+
     public boolean usingRegularExpressions(String strNum) {
         return strNum.matches("-?\\d+(\\.\\d+)?");
     }
-    
+
     public boolean usingNumberUtils_isCreatable(String strNum) {
         return NumberUtils.isCreatable(strNum);
     }
-    
+
     public boolean usingNumberUtils_isParsable(String strNum) {
         return NumberUtils.isParsable(strNum);
     }
-    
+
     public boolean usingStringUtils_isNumeric(String strNum) {
         return StringUtils.isNumeric(strNum);
     }
-    
+
     public boolean usingStringUtils_isNumericSpace(String strNum) {
         return StringUtils.isNumericSpace(strNum);
     }

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/IsNumericDriver.java

@@ -1,34 +1,31 @@
-package com.baeldung.stringisnumeric;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
 
 import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
 
 public class IsNumericDriver {
-    private static IsNumeric isNumeric;
     private static Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(IsNumericDriver.class);
-    static {
-        isNumeric =new IsNumeric();
-        
-    }
-    
+
+    private static IsNumeric isNumeric = new IsNumeric();
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         LOG.info("Testing all methods...");
-        
+
         boolean res = isNumeric.usingCoreJava("1001");
         LOG.info("Using Core Java : " + res);
-        
+
         res = isNumeric.usingRegularExpressions("1001");
         LOG.info("Using Regular Expressions : " + res);
-        
-        res =isNumeric.usingNumberUtils_isCreatable("1001");
+
+        res = isNumeric.usingNumberUtils_isCreatable("1001");
         LOG.info("Using NumberUtils.isCreatable : " + res);
-        
-        res =isNumeric.usingNumberUtils_isParsable("1001");
+
+        res = isNumeric.usingNumberUtils_isParsable("1001");
         LOG.info("Using NumberUtils.isParsable : " + res);
-        
-        res =isNumeric.usingStringUtils_isNumeric("1001");
+
+        res = isNumeric.usingStringUtils_isNumeric("1001");
         LOG.info("Using StringUtils.isNumeric : " + res);
-        
-        res =isNumeric.usingStringUtils_isNumericSpace("1001");
+
+        res = isNumeric.usingStringUtils_isNumericSpace("1001");
         LOG.info("Using StringUtils.isNumericSpace : " + res);
     }
 }

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/Customer.java

@@ -3,17 +3,20 @@ package com.baeldung.string.tostring;
 public class Customer {
     private String firstName;
     private String lastName;
-	
+
     public String getFirstName() {
-	return firstName;
+        return firstName;
     }
+
     public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
-	this.firstName = firstName;
+        this.firstName = firstName;
     }
+
     public String getLastName() {
-	return lastName;
+        return lastName;
     }
+
     public void setLastName(String lastName) {
-	this.lastName = lastName;
+        this.lastName = lastName;
     }
 }

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/CustomerArrayToString.java

@@ -4,16 +4,17 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
 
 public class CustomerArrayToString extends Customer {
     private Order[] orders;
- 
+
     public Order[] getOrders() {
         return orders;
     }
+
     public void setOrders(Order[] orders) {
         this.orders = orders;
     }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-	return "Customer [orders=" + Arrays.toString(orders) + ", getFirstName()=" + getFirstName()
-	  + ", getLastName()=" + getLastName() + "]";
-    }    
+        return "Customer [orders=" + Arrays.toString(orders) + ", getFirstName()=" + getFirstName() + ", getLastName()=" + getLastName() + "]";
+    }
 }

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/CustomerComplexObjectToString.java

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package com.baeldung.string.tostring;
 
 public class CustomerComplexObjectToString extends Customer {
     private Order order;
-  
+
     public Order getOrder() {
         return order;
     }
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ public class CustomerComplexObjectToString extends Customer {
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-	return "Customer [order=" + order + ", getFirstName()=" + getFirstName()
-	  + ", getLastName()=" + getLastName() + "]";
-    }    
+        return "Customer [order=" + order + ", getFirstName()=" + getFirstName() + ", getLastName()=" + getLastName() + "]";
+    }
 }

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/CustomerPrimitiveToString.java

@@ -2,18 +2,17 @@ package com.baeldung.string.tostring;
 
 public class CustomerPrimitiveToString extends Customer {
     private long balance;
- 
+
     public long getBalance() {
         return balance;
     }
-	
+
     public void setBalance(long balance) {
         this.balance = balance;
     }
-        
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-	return "Customer [balance=" + balance + ", getFirstName()=" + getFirstName()
-	  + ", getLastName()=" + getLastName() + "]";
+        return "Customer [balance=" + balance + ", getFirstName()=" + getFirstName() + ", getLastName()=" + getLastName() + "]";
     }
 }

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/CustomerReflectionToString.java

@@ -4,36 +4,36 @@ import java.util.List;
 
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder.ReflectionToStringBuilder;
 
-public class CustomerReflectionToString extends Customer{
+public class CustomerReflectionToString extends Customer {
 
     private Integer score;
     private List<String> orders;
     private StringBuffer fullname;
- 
+
     public Integer getScore() {
         return score;
     }
-    
+
     public void setScore(Integer score) {
         this.score = score;
     }
-    
+
     public List<String> getOrders() {
         return orders;
     }
-    
+
     public void setOrders(List<String> orders) {
         this.orders = orders;
     }
-    
+
     public StringBuffer getFullname() {
         return fullname;
     }
-    
+
     public void setFullname(StringBuffer fullname) {
         this.fullname = fullname;
     }
-    
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return ReflectionToStringBuilder.toString(this);

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/CustomerWrapperCollectionToString.java

@@ -6,34 +6,33 @@ public class CustomerWrapperCollectionToString extends Customer {
     private Integer score;
     private List<String> orders;
     private StringBuffer fullname;
- 
+
     public Integer getScore() {
         return score;
     }
-	
+
     public void setScore(Integer score) {
         this.score = score;
     }
-	
+
     public List<String> getOrders() {
         return orders;
     }
-	
+
     public void setOrders(List<String> orders) {
         this.orders = orders;
     }
-    
+
     public StringBuffer getFullname() {
         return fullname;
     }
-    
+
     public void setFullname(StringBuffer fullname) {
         this.fullname = fullname;
     }
-    
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-	return "Customer [score=" + score + ", orders=" + orders + ", fullname=" + fullname
-	  + ", getFirstName()=" + getFirstName() + ", getLastName()=" + getLastName() + "]";
+        return "Customer [score=" + score + ", orders=" + orders + ", fullname=" + fullname + ", getFirstName()=" + getFirstName() + ", getLastName()=" + getLastName() + "]";
     }
 }

java-strings-ops/src/main/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/Order.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package com.baeldung.string.tostring;
 
 public class Order {
-    
+
     private String orderId;
     private String desc;
     private long value;
@@ -38,9 +38,10 @@ public class Order {
     public void setStatus(String status) {
         this.status = status;
     }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        return "Order [orderId=" + orderId + ", desc=" + desc + ", value=" + value  + "]";
+        return "Order [orderId=" + orderId + ", desc=" + desc + ", value=" + value + "]";
     }
 
 }

java-strings-ops/src/main/resources/log4j.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Root logger option
+log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
+
+# Redirect log messages to console
+log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
+log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
+log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/java/countingChars/CountCharsExampleUnitTest.java

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import org.junit.Test;
 
 import com.google.common.base.CharMatcher;
 
-
 /***
  * Example of counting chars in a String.
  */
@@ -78,16 +77,21 @@ public class CountCharsExampleUnitTest {
     @Test
     public void givenString_whenUsingJava8Features_thenCountChars() {
         String someString = "elephant";
-        long count = someString.chars().filter(ch -> ch == 'e').count();
+        long count = someString.chars()
+            .filter(ch -> ch == 'e')
+            .count();
         assertEquals(2, count);
 
-        long count2 = someString.codePoints().filter(ch -> ch == 'e').count();
+        long count2 = someString.codePoints()
+            .filter(ch -> ch == 'e')
+            .count();
         assertEquals(2, count2);
     }
 
     @Test
     public void givenString_whenUsingGuavaCharMatcher_thenCountChars() {
-        int count = CharMatcher.is('e').countIn("elephant");
+        int count = CharMatcher.is('e')
+            .countIn("elephant");
         assertEquals(2, count);
     }
 

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/AppendCharAtPositionXUnitTest.java

@@ -12,99 +12,99 @@ import org.junit.Test;
  *
  */
 public class AppendCharAtPositionXUnitTest {
-    
+
     private AppendCharAtPositionX appendCharAtPosition = new AppendCharAtPositionX();
     private String word = "Titanc";
     private char letter = 'i';
-    
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingCharacterArrayAndCharacterAddedAtBeginning_shouldAddCharacter() {
         assertEquals("iTitanc", appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingCharArray(word, letter, 0));
     }
-    
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingSubstringAndCharacterAddedAtBeginning_shouldAddCharacter() {
         assertEquals("iTitanc", appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingSubstring(word, letter, 0));
-    }  
-    
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingStringBuilderAndCharacterAddedAtBeginning_shouldAddCharacter() {
         assertEquals("iTitanc", appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(word, letter, 0));
     }
-    
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingCharacterArrayAndCharacterAddedAtMiddle_shouldAddCharacter() {
         assertEquals("Titianc", appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingCharArray(word, letter, 3));
     }
-    
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingSubstringAndCharacterAddedAtMiddle_shouldAddCharacter() {
         assertEquals("Titianc", appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingSubstring(word, letter, 3));
-    }  
-    
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingStringBuilderAndCharacterAddedAtMiddle_shouldAddCharacter() {
         assertEquals("Titianc", appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(word, letter, 3));
     }
-    
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingCharacterArrayAndCharacterAddedAtEnd_shouldAddCharacter() {
         assertEquals("Titanci", appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingCharArray(word, letter, word.length()));
     }
-    
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingSubstringAndCharacterAddedAtEnd_shouldAddCharacter() {
         assertEquals("Titanci", appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingSubstring(word, letter, word.length()));
-    }  
-    
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingStringBuilderAndCharacterAddedAtEnd_shouldAddCharacter() {
         assertEquals("Titanci", appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(word, letter, word.length()));
     }
-    
-    @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void whenUsingCharacterArrayAndCharacterAddedAtNegativePosition_shouldThrowException() {
         appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(word, letter, -1);
     }
-    
-    @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void whenUsingSubstringAndCharacterAddedAtNegativePosition_shouldThrowException() {
         appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(word, letter, -1);
-    }  
-    
-    @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void whenUsingStringBuilderAndCharacterAddedAtNegativePosition_shouldThrowException() {
         appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(word, letter, -1);
     }
-    
-    @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void whenUsingCharacterArrayAndCharacterAddedAtInvalidPosition_shouldThrowException() {
         appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(word, letter, word.length() + 2);
     }
-    
-    @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void whenUsingSubstringAndCharacterAddedAtInvalidPosition_shouldThrowException() {
         appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(word, letter, word.length() + 2);
-    }  
-    
-    @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void whenUsingStringBuilderAndCharacterAddedAtInvalidPosition_shouldThrowException() {
         appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(word, letter, word.length() + 2);
     }
-    
-    @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void whenUsingCharacterArrayAndCharacterAddedAtPositionXAndStringIsNull_shouldThrowException() {
         appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(null, letter, 3);
     }
-    
-    @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void whenUsingSubstringAndCharacterAddedAtPositionXAndStringIsNull_shouldThrowException() {
         appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(null, letter, 3);
-    }  
-    
-    @Test(expected=IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
     public void whenUsingStringBuilderAndCharacterAddedAtPositionXAndStringIsNull_shouldThrowException() {
         appendCharAtPosition.addCharUsingStringBuilder(null, letter, 3);
     }
- 
+
 }

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/PalindromeUnitTest.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package com.baeldung.string;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 public class PalindromeUnitTest {
@@ -20,9 +21,9 @@ public class PalindromeUnitTest {
             "No mists or frost Simon",
             "Stella won no wallets"
     };
-    
+
     private Palindrome palindrome = new Palindrome();
-    
+
     @Test
     public void whenWord_shouldBePalindrome() {
         for (String word : words)

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/SplitUnitTest.java

@@ -14,59 +14,52 @@ public class SplitUnitTest {
 
     @Test
     public void givenString_whenSplit_thenReturnsArray_through_JavaLangString() {
-        assertThat("peter,james,thomas".split(","))
-          .containsExactly("peter", "james", "thomas");
+        assertThat("peter,james,thomas".split(",")).containsExactly("peter", "james", "thomas");
 
-        assertThat("car jeep scooter".split(" "))
-          .containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
+        assertThat("car jeep scooter".split(" ")).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
 
-        assertThat("1-120-232323".split("-"))
-          .containsExactly("1", "120", "232323");
+        assertThat("1-120-232323".split("-")).containsExactly("1", "120", "232323");
 
-        assertThat("192.168.1.178".split("\\."))
-          .containsExactly("192", "168", "1", "178");
+        assertThat("192.168.1.178".split("\\.")).containsExactly("192", "168", "1", "178");
 
-        assertThat("b a, e, l.d u, n g".split("\\s+|,\\s*|\\.\\s*"))
-          .containsExactly("b", "a", "e", "l", "d", "u", "n", "g");
+        assertThat("b a, e, l.d u, n g".split("\\s+|,\\s*|\\.\\s*")).containsExactly("b", "a", "e", "l", "d", "u", "n", "g");
     }
 
     @Test
     public void givenString_whenSplit_thenReturnsArray_through_StringUtils() {
         StringUtils.split("car jeep scooter");
 
-        assertThat(StringUtils.split("car jeep scooter"))
-          .containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
+        assertThat(StringUtils.split("car jeep scooter")).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
 
-        assertThat(StringUtils.split("car    jeep   scooter"))
-          .containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
+        assertThat(StringUtils.split("car    jeep   scooter")).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
 
-        assertThat(StringUtils.split("car:jeep:scooter", ":"))
-          .containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
+        assertThat(StringUtils.split("car:jeep:scooter", ":")).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
 
-        assertThat(StringUtils.split("car.jeep.scooter", "."))
-          .containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
+        assertThat(StringUtils.split("car.jeep.scooter", ".")).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
     }
 
     @Test
     public void givenString_whenSplit_thenReturnsList_Splitter() {
-        //given
-        List<String> resultList = Splitter.on(',').trimResults().omitEmptyStrings().splitToList("car,jeep,,   scooter");
+        // given
+        List<String> resultList = Splitter.on(',')
+            .trimResults()
+            .omitEmptyStrings()
+            .splitToList("car,jeep,,   scooter");
 
-        assertThat(resultList)
-          .containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
+        assertThat(resultList).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
     }
-    
+
     @Test
     public void givenStringContainsSpaces_whenSplitAndTrim_thenReturnsArray_using_Regex() {
         assertThat(" car , jeep,  scooter ".trim()
-          .split("\\s*,\\s*")).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
+            .split("\\s*,\\s*")).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
 
     }
-    
+
     @Test
     public void givenStringContainsSpaces_whenSplitAndTrim_thenReturnsArray_using_java_8() {
         assertThat(Arrays.stream(" car , jeep,  scooter ".split(","))
-          .map(String::trim)
-          .toArray(String[]::new)).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
-    }   
+            .map(String::trim)
+            .toArray(String[]::new)).containsExactly("car", "jeep", "scooter");
+    }
 }

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/StringComparisonUnitTest.java

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 package com.baeldung.string;
 
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
-import java.util.Objects;
-
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
-
 public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingComparisonOperator_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingComparisonOperator_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         String string1 = "using comparison operator";
         String string2 = "using comparison operator";
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingEqualsMethod_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingEqualsMethod_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         String string1 = "using equals method";
         String string2 = "using equals method";
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingEqualsIgnoreCase_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingEqualsIgnoreCase_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         String string1 = "using equals ignore case";
         String string2 = "USING EQUALS IGNORE CASE";
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingCompareTo_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingCompareTo_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         String author = "author";
         String book = "book";
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingCompareToIgnoreCase_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingCompareToIgnoreCase_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         String author = "Author";
         String book = "book";
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingObjectsEqualsMethod_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingObjectsEqualsMethod_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         String string1 = "using objects equals";
         String string2 = "using objects equals";
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingEqualsOfApacheCommons_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingEqualsOfApacheCommons_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         assertThat(StringUtils.equals(null, null)).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.equals(null, "equals method")).isFalse();
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingEqualsIgnoreCaseOfApacheCommons_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingEqualsIgnoreCaseOfApacheCommons_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         assertThat(StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(null, null)).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(null, "equals method")).isFalse();
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingEqualsAnyOf_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingEqualsAnyOf_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         assertThat(StringUtils.equalsAny(null, null, null)).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.equalsAny("equals any", "equals any", "any")).isTrue();
@@ -112,18 +112,17 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingEqualsAnyIgnoreCase_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingEqualsAnyIgnoreCase_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         assertThat(StringUtils.equalsAnyIgnoreCase(null, null, null)).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.equalsAnyIgnoreCase("equals any", "equals any", "any")).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.equalsAnyIgnoreCase("equals any", null, "equals any")).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.equalsAnyIgnoreCase(null, "equals", "any")).isFalse();
-        assertThat(StringUtils.equalsAnyIgnoreCase(
-                "equals any ignore case", "EQUALS ANY IGNORE CASE", "any")).isTrue();
+        assertThat(StringUtils.equalsAnyIgnoreCase("equals any ignore case", "EQUALS ANY IGNORE CASE", "any")).isTrue();
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingCompare_thenComparingStringsWithNulls(){
+    public void whenUsingCompare_thenComparingStringsWithNulls() {
 
         assertThat(StringUtils.compare(null, null)).isEqualTo(0);
         assertThat(StringUtils.compare(null, "abc")).isEqualTo(-1);
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingCompareIgnoreCase_ThenComparingStringsWithNulls(){
+    public void whenUsingCompareIgnoreCase_ThenComparingStringsWithNulls() {
 
         assertThat(StringUtils.compareIgnoreCase(null, null)).isEqualTo(0);
         assertThat(StringUtils.compareIgnoreCase(null, "abc")).isEqualTo(-1);
@@ -145,7 +144,7 @@ public class StringComparisonUnitTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void whenUsingCompareWithNullIsLessOption_ThenComparingStrings(){
+    public void whenUsingCompareWithNullIsLessOption_ThenComparingStrings() {
 
         assertThat(StringUtils.compare(null, "abc", true)).isEqualTo(-1);
         assertThat(StringUtils.compare(null, "abc", false)).isEqualTo(1);

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/StringHelperUnitTest.java

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 package com.baeldung.string;
 
-import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
-import org.junit.Test;
-
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
 
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
 public class StringHelperUnitTest {
 
     public static final String TEST_STRING = "abcdef";

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/CoreJavaIsNumericUnitTest.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package com.baeldung.stringisnumeric;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
@@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ public class CoreJavaIsNumericUnitTest {
         }
         return true;
     }
-    
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingCoreJava_thenTrue() {
         // Valid Numbers
         assertThat(isNumeric("22")).isTrue();
         assertThat(isNumeric("5.05")).isTrue();
-        assertThat(isNumeric("-200")).isTrue(); 
+        assertThat(isNumeric("-200")).isTrue();
         assertThat(isNumeric("10.0d")).isTrue();
         assertThat(isNumeric("   22   ")).isTrue();
-         
+
         // Invalid Numbers
         assertThat(isNumeric(null)).isFalse();
         assertThat(isNumeric("")).isFalse();

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/NumberUtilsIsCreatableUnitTest.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package com.baeldung.stringisnumeric;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public class NumberUtilsIsCreatableUnitTest {
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isCreatable("0xFF")).isTrue();
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isCreatable("07")).isTrue();
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isCreatable("2.99e+8")).isTrue();
-         
+
         // Invalid Numbers
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isCreatable(null)).isFalse();
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isCreatable("")).isFalse();

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/NumberUtilsIsParsableUnitTest.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package com.baeldung.stringisnumeric;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ public class NumberUtilsIsParsableUnitTest {
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isParsable("-23")).isTrue();
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isParsable("2.2")).isTrue();
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isParsable("09")).isTrue();
-        
+
         // Invalid Numbers
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isParsable(null)).isFalse();
         assertThat(NumberUtils.isParsable("")).isFalse();

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/RegularExpressionsUnitTest.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package com.baeldung.stringisnumeric;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ public class RegularExpressionsUnitTest {
     public static boolean isNumeric(String strNum) {
         return strNum.matches("-?\\d+(\\.\\d+)?");
     }
-    
+
     @Test
     public void whenUsingRegularExpressions_thenTrue() {
         // Valid Numbers
         assertThat(isNumeric("22")).isTrue();
         assertThat(isNumeric("5.05")).isTrue();
         assertThat(isNumeric("-200")).isTrue();
-         
+
         // Invalid Numbers
         assertThat(isNumeric("abc")).isFalse();
     }

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/StringUtilsIsNumericSpaceUnitTest.java

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-package com.baeldung.stringisnumeric;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 import org.junit.Test;
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
 public class StringUtilsIsNumericSpaceUnitTest {
     @Test
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ public class StringUtilsIsNumericSpaceUnitTest {
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumericSpace("")).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumericSpace("  ")).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumericSpace("12 3")).isTrue();
-         
+
         // Invalid Numbers
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumericSpace(null)).isFalse();
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumericSpace("ab2c")).isFalse();

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/isnumeric/StringUtilsIsNumericUnitTest.java

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-package com.baeldung.stringisnumeric;
+package com.baeldung.string.isnumeric;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 import org.junit.Test;
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
 public class StringUtilsIsNumericUnitTest {
     @Test
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ public class StringUtilsIsNumericUnitTest {
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumeric("123")).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumeric("١٢٣")).isTrue();
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumeric("१२३")).isTrue();
-         
+
         // Invalid Numbers
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumeric(null)).isFalse();
         assertThat(StringUtils.isNumeric("")).isFalse();

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/CustomerArrayToStringUnitTest.java

@@ -5,21 +5,20 @@ import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 public class CustomerArrayToStringUnitTest {
-    private static final String CUSTOMER_ARRAY_TO_STRING 
-      = "Customer [orders=[Order [orderId=A1111, desc=Game, value=0]], getFirstName()=Rajesh, getLastName()=Bhojwani]";
-	 
+    private static final String CUSTOMER_ARRAY_TO_STRING = "Customer [orders=[Order [orderId=A1111, desc=Game, value=0]], getFirstName()=Rajesh, getLastName()=Bhojwani]";
+
     @Test
     public void givenArray_whenToString_thenCustomerDetails() {
-	CustomerArrayToString customer = new CustomerArrayToString();
-	customer.setFirstName("Rajesh");
-	customer.setLastName("Bhojwani");
-	Order[] orders = new Order[1];  
-	orders[0] = new Order();
-	orders[0].setOrderId("A1111");
-	orders[0].setDesc("Game");
-	orders[0].setStatus("In-Shiping");
-        customer.setOrders(orders);         
-        
+        CustomerArrayToString customer = new CustomerArrayToString();
+        customer.setFirstName("Rajesh");
+        customer.setLastName("Bhojwani");
+        Order[] orders = new Order[1];
+        orders[0] = new Order();
+        orders[0].setOrderId("A1111");
+        orders[0].setDesc("Game");
+        orders[0].setStatus("In-Shiping");
+        customer.setOrders(orders);
+
         assertEquals(CUSTOMER_ARRAY_TO_STRING, customer.toString());
     }
 

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/CustomerComplexObjectToStringUnitTest.java

@@ -5,20 +5,19 @@ import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 public class CustomerComplexObjectToStringUnitTest {
-    private static final String CUSTOMER_COMPLEX_TO_STRING 
-      = "Customer [order=Order [orderId=A1111, desc=Game, value=0], getFirstName()=Rajesh, getLastName()=Bhojwani]";
-	 
+    private static final String CUSTOMER_COMPLEX_TO_STRING = "Customer [order=Order [orderId=A1111, desc=Game, value=0], getFirstName()=Rajesh, getLastName()=Bhojwani]";
+
     @Test
     public void givenComplex_whenToString_thenCustomerDetails() {
         CustomerComplexObjectToString customer = new CustomerComplexObjectToString();
         customer.setFirstName("Rajesh");
         customer.setLastName("Bhojwani");
-        Order order    =    new Order();
+        Order order = new Order();
         order.setOrderId("A1111");
         order.setDesc("Game");
         order.setStatus("In-Shiping");
         customer.setOrder(order);
-             
+
         assertEquals(CUSTOMER_COMPLEX_TO_STRING, customer.toString());
     }
 

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/CustomerPrimitiveToStringUnitTest.java

@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 public class CustomerPrimitiveToStringUnitTest {
 
-    private static final String CUSTOMER_PRIMITIVE_TO_STRING 
-      = "Customer [balance=110, getFirstName()=Rajesh, getLastName()=Bhojwani]";
+    private static final String CUSTOMER_PRIMITIVE_TO_STRING = "Customer [balance=110, getFirstName()=Rajesh, getLastName()=Bhojwani]";
 
     @Test
     public void givenPrimitive_whenToString_thenCustomerDetails() {
@@ -15,8 +14,7 @@ public class CustomerPrimitiveToStringUnitTest {
         customer.setFirstName("Rajesh");
         customer.setLastName("Bhojwani");
         customer.setBalance(110);
-        
+
         assertEquals(CUSTOMER_PRIMITIVE_TO_STRING, customer.toString());
     }
 }
-

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/tostring/CustomerWrapperCollectionToStringUnitTest.java

@@ -8,26 +8,25 @@ import java.util.List;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 public class CustomerWrapperCollectionToStringUnitTest {
-    private static final String CUSTOMER_WRAPPER_COLLECTION_TO_STRING 
-      = "Customer [score=8, orders=[Book, Pen], fullname=Bhojwani, Rajesh, getFirstName()=Rajesh, getLastName()=Bhojwani]";
-    	 
+    private static final String CUSTOMER_WRAPPER_COLLECTION_TO_STRING = "Customer [score=8, orders=[Book, Pen], fullname=Bhojwani, Rajesh, getFirstName()=Rajesh, getLastName()=Bhojwani]";
+
     @Test
     public void givenWrapperCollectionStrBuffer_whenToString_thenCustomerDetails() {
-	CustomerWrapperCollectionToString customer = new CustomerWrapperCollectionToString();
-	customer.setFirstName("Rajesh");
-	customer.setLastName("Bhojwani");
-	customer.setScore(8);
-	
-	List<String> orders = new ArrayList<String>();
-	orders.add("Book");
-	orders.add("Pen");
-	customer.setOrders(orders);
-	
-	StringBuffer fullname = new StringBuffer();
-	fullname.append(customer.getLastName()+", "+ customer.getFirstName());
-	customer.setFullname(fullname);
-	
-	assertEquals(CUSTOMER_WRAPPER_COLLECTION_TO_STRING, customer.toString());
+        CustomerWrapperCollectionToString customer = new CustomerWrapperCollectionToString();
+        customer.setFirstName("Rajesh");
+        customer.setLastName("Bhojwani");
+        customer.setScore(8);
+
+        List<String> orders = new ArrayList<String>();
+        orders.add("Book");
+        orders.add("Pen");
+        customer.setOrders(orders);
+
+        StringBuffer fullname = new StringBuffer();
+        fullname.append(customer.getLastName() + ", " + customer.getFirstName());
+        customer.setFullname(fullname);
+
+        assertEquals(CUSTOMER_WRAPPER_COLLECTION_TO_STRING, customer.toString());
     }
 
 }

java-strings-ops/src/test/java/com/baeldung/stringpool/StringPoolUnitTest.java

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 package com.baeldung.stringpool;
 
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
 import org.junit.Test;
-import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
 
 public class StringPoolUnitTest {
 

persistence-modules/pom.xml

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
         <module>spring-data-eclipselink</module>
         <module>spring-data-elasticsearch</module>
         <module>spring-data-gemfire</module>
+        <module>spring-data-geode</module>
         <module>spring-data-jpa</module>
         <module>spring-data-jpa-3</module>
         <module>spring-data-keyvalue</module>

persistence-modules/spring-data-geode/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <artifactId>spring-data-geode</artifactId>
+    <name>spring-data-geode</name>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+    <description>Intro to Spring Data Geode</description>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
+        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../../</relativePath>
+    </parent>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
+            <version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version>
+            <exclusions>
+                <exclusion>
+                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
+                </exclusion>
+            </exclusions>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
+            <version>${spring-boot-version}</version>
+            <exclusions>
+                <exclusion>
+                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
+                </exclusion>
+            </exclusions>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.springframework.geode</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-geode-starter</artifactId>
+            <version>${spring-geode-starter-version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
+            <version>${spring-boot-version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
+            <version>${spring-boot-version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>com.mysema.maven</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-apt-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>1.0</version>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <phase>generate-sources</phase>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>process</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <outputDirectory>target/generated-sources</outputDirectory>
+                            <processor>com.querydsl.apt.jpa.JPAAnnotationProcessor</processor>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>${spring-boot-version}</version>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+    <properties>
+    	<spring-boot-version>2.1.9.RELEASE</spring-boot-version>
+        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
+        <start-class>com.baeldung.springdatageode.app.ClientCacheApp</start-class>
+        <spring-geode-starter-version>1.1.1.RELEASE</spring-geode-starter-version>
+    </properties>
+
+</project>

persistence-modules/spring-data-geode/src/main/java/com/baeldung/springdatageode/app/ClientCacheApp.java

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package com.baeldung.springdatageode.app;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
+import org.springframework.data.gemfire.config.annotation.ClientCacheApplication;
+import org.springframework.data.gemfire.config.annotation.EnableClusterConfiguration;
+import org.springframework.data.gemfire.config.annotation.EnableContinuousQueries;
+import org.springframework.data.gemfire.config.annotation.EnableEntityDefinedRegions;
+import org.springframework.data.gemfire.config.annotation.EnableIndexing;
+import org.springframework.data.gemfire.repository.config.EnableGemfireRepositories;
+
+import com.baeldung.springdatageode.controller.AppController;
+import com.baeldung.springdatageode.domain.Author;
+import com.baeldung.springdatageode.repo.AuthorRepository;
+import com.baeldung.springdatageode.service.AuthorService;
+
+@SpringBootApplication
+@ClientCacheApplication(subscriptionEnabled = true)
+@EnableEntityDefinedRegions(basePackageClasses = Author.class)
+@EnableIndexing
+@EnableGemfireRepositories(basePackageClasses = AuthorRepository.class)
+@ComponentScan(basePackageClasses = {AppController.class, AuthorService.class})
+@EnableClusterConfiguration(useHttp = true, requireHttps=false)
+@EnableContinuousQueries
+public class ClientCacheApp {
+    
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        SpringApplication.run(ClientCacheApp.class, args);
+    }
+    
+}

persistence-modules/spring-data-geode/src/main/java/com/baeldung/springdatageode/controller/AppController.java

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package com.baeldung.springdatageode.controller;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
+import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
+
+import com.baeldung.springdatageode.domain.Author;
+import com.baeldung.springdatageode.repo.AuthorRepository;
+
+@RestController
+@CrossOrigin
+public class AppController {
+
+    @Autowired
+    private AuthorRepository authorRepositoryImpl;
+
+    @PostMapping(path = "/author" )
+    public ResponseEntity<String> addAuthor(@RequestBody Author author) throws Exception {       
+        authorRepositoryImpl.save(author);
+        return new ResponseEntity<>("OK", HttpStatus.OK);
+    }
+    
+    @GetMapping(path = "/author" )
+    public ResponseEntity<Author> getAuthor(@RequestParam("id") String id) throws Exception {
+        Optional<Author> author = authorRepositoryImpl.findById(Long.parseLong(id));
+        return new ResponseEntity<>(author.isPresent() ? author.get() : null, HttpStatus.OK);
+    }
+
+}

persistence-modules/spring-data-geode/src/main/java/com/baeldung/springdatageode/domain/Author.java

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+package com.baeldung.springdatageode.domain;
+
+import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
+import org.springframework.data.gemfire.mapping.annotation.Indexed;
+import org.springframework.data.gemfire.mapping.annotation.Region;
+
+@Region(name = "Authors")
+public class Author {
+    
+    @Id
+    private Long id;
+
+    private String firstName;
+
+    private String lastName;
+
+    @Indexed
+    private int age;
+
+    public Long getId() {
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    public void setId(Long id) {
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+
+    public String getFirstName() {
+        return firstName;
+    }
+
+    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
+        this.firstName = firstName;
+    }
+
+    public String getLastName() {
+        return lastName;
+    }
+
+    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
+        this.lastName = lastName;
+    }
+
+    public int getAge() {
+        return age;
+    }
+
+    public void setAge(int age) {
+        this.age = age;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return this.firstName + " " + this.lastName + ", " + this.age + " years old";
+    }
+
+}
+

persistence-modules/spring-data-geode/src/main/java/com/baeldung/springdatageode/repo/AuthorRepository.java

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package com.baeldung.springdatageode.repo;
+
+import com.baeldung.springdatageode.domain.Author;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
+
+public interface AuthorRepository extends CrudRepository<Author, Long> {
+
+}

persistence-modules/spring-data-geode/src/main/java/com/baeldung/springdatageode/service/AuthorService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package com.baeldung.springdatageode.service;
+
+import org.apache.geode.cache.query.CqEvent;
+import org.springframework.data.gemfire.listener.annotation.ContinuousQuery;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+@Service
+public class AuthorService {
+    
+    @ContinuousQuery(query = "SELECT * FROM /Authors a WHERE a.id = 1")
+    public void process(CqEvent event) {
+        System.out.println("Author #" + event.getKey() + " updated to " + event.getNewValue());
+    }
+}

persistence-modules/spring-data-geode/src/main/resources/application.properties

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+server.port=9091

persistence-modules/spring-data-geode/src/main/resources/logback.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<configuration>
+    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
+        <encoder>
+            <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
+            </pattern>
+        </encoder>
+    </appender>
+
+    <root level="INFO">
+        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
+    </root>
+</configuration>

pom.xml

@@ -488,6 +488,7 @@
                 <module>jackson-2</module>
                 <module>jackson-simple</module>
                 <module>java-collections-conversions</module>
+                <module>java-collections-conversions-2</module>
                 <module>java-collections-maps</module>
                 <module>java-collections-maps-2</module>
                 <module>java-jdi</module>
@@ -615,7 +616,7 @@
 
                 <module>spring-boot-nashorn</module>
                 <module>java-blockchain</module>
-<module>wildfly</module>
+                <module>wildfly</module>
             </modules>
 
         </profile>
@@ -1253,6 +1254,7 @@
                 <module>jackson-2</module>
                 <module>jackson-simple</module>
                 <module>java-collections-conversions</module>
+                <module>java-collections-conversions-2</module>
                 <module>java-collections-maps</module>
                 <module>java-collections-maps-2</module>
                 <module>java-jdi</module>

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/baeldung/model/User.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package org.baeldung.caching.model;
+package org.baeldung.model;
 
 import javax.persistence.Entity;
 import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

spring-boot/src/main/java/org/baeldung/repository/UserRepository.java

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package org.baeldung.repository;
 
-import org.baeldung.caching.model.User;
+import org.baeldung.model.User;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
-import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 @Repository("userRepository")
 public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Integer> {

spring-boot/src/test/java/org/baeldung/repository/UserRepositoryIntegrationTest.java

@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
 package org.baeldung.repository;
 
 import org.baeldung.boot.config.H2JpaConfig;
-import org.baeldung.caching.model.User;
+import org.baeldung.model.User;
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
-import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
 
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
-import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 

spring-jooq/src/test/java/com/baeldung/jooq/introduction/ExceptionTranslator.java

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ public class ExceptionTranslator extends DefaultExecuteListener {
     @Override
     public void exception(ExecuteContext context) {
         SQLDialect dialect = context.configuration().dialect();
-        SQLExceptionTranslator translator = new SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator(dialect.name());
+        SQLExceptionTranslator translator = new SQLErrorCodeSQLExceptionTranslator(dialect.thirdParty().springDbName());
 
         context.exception(translator.translate("Access database using jOOQ", context.sql(), context.sqlException()));
     }

spring-mvc-simple-2/src/main/resources/application.properties

@@ -1 +1,3 @@
-spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true
+spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true
+spring.mail.host=localhost
+spring.mail.port=8025